公

Historical term

Hachikō; Akita dog that waited every day at Shibuya station for the return of his owner (1923-1935)

Historical term

faithful dog Hachikō; Akita dog that waited every day at Shibuya station for the return of his owner (1923-1935)

Historical term

railway police officer (pre-1987)

Historical term

land-tax rate during the Edo period, in which the government took 70 percent of the year's crop and the farmers kept 30 percent

Historical term

land-tax system during the Edo period under which the government took half of the year's crop and the farmers kept the other half

Historical term

three public corporations (Japan National Railways, Japan Monopoly Corporation, and Nippon Telegraph and Telephone) and five government enterprises (postal services, mintage, printing, management of state-owned forests/fields, and monopolization of alcohol)

Historical term

Dog Shogun (nickname of Tokugawa Tsunayoshi)

master

main character; protagonist

Dated term; Rough or arrogant

I; me

Obsolete term

international laws

land-tax system during the Edo period under which the government took 40% of the year's crop and the farmers kept 60%

Rare term

Leibnitz daisy (Leibnitzia anandria)

first apprenticeship

Dated term

indentured servant; articled apprentice

domestic service; working as a housemaid; domestic help; domestic helper

imperial subjects; the people