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ๆŽ›
ๆŽ›
11 strokes
Frequency: 1027
JLPT N1
Grade 8

Meanings

hang
suspend
depend
arrive at
tax
pour

Readings

On โ€” Chinese-derived reading, usually for compounds
ใ‚ซใ‚ค
ใ‚ฑใ‚ค
Kun โ€” Native Japanese reading, usually for standalone words
ใ‹.ใ‘ใ‚‹
-ใ‹.ใ‘ใ‚‹
ใ‹.ใ‘
-ใ‹.ใ‘
-ใŒ.ใ‘
ใ‹.ใ‹ใ‚‹
-ใ‹.ใ‹ใ‚‹
-ใŒ.ใ‹ใ‚‹
ใ‹.ใ‹ใ‚Š
-ใŒ.ใ‹ใ‚Š
ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Š
-ใŒใ‹ใ‚Š
Nanori โ€” Specialized readings used in names
ใ‹ใ‘

Common Words

ๆŽ›ใ‘ใ‚‹
ๆ‡ธใ‘ใ‚‹
Usually kana
Ichidan verb
Freq #202
1

Transitive verb

to hang up (e.g. a coat, a picture on the wall); to let hang; to suspend (from); to hoist (e.g. sail); to raise (e.g. flag)

Examples
ใ‚ณใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ใƒใƒณใ‚ฌใƒผใซๆŽ›ใ‘ใฆใŠใใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚
Put your coat on a hanger.
2

Transitive verb

to put on (e.g. a blanket); to put on top of; to cover; to lay; to spread

Examples
ใ‚ฆใ‚จใƒผใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใฏใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใฎไธŠใซ็™ฝใ„ใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒญใ‚นใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใŸใ€‚
The waitress spread a white cloth over the table.
3

Transitive verb

to put on (glasses, etc.); to wear (a necklace, etc.)

Examples
ใใฎๅฉฆไบบใฏ็œŸ็ ใฎใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใƒฌใ‚นใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ„ใŸใ€‚
The lady wore a necklace of pearls.
4

Transitive verb

to make (a call)

Examples
๏ผ‘๏ผๅ††ใง้›ป่ฉฑใŒใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
Can I make a phone call for ten yen?
5

Transitive verb

to spend (time, money); to expend; to use

Examples
ใ‚นใƒผใƒ„ใซใใ‚“ใชใซใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใซใฏใŸใ‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
I hesitate to pay so much for a suit.
6

Transitive verb

to pour (liquid) onto; to sprinkle (powder or spices) onto; to splash; to throw (e.g. water) onto

Examples
ใ‚ณใƒƒใ‚ฏใ•ใ‚“ใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ใ‚‚ใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ€‚
The cook hasn't put any on it.
7

Transitive verb

to turn on (an engine, radio, etc.); to set (a dial, alarm clock, etc.); to put on (a DVD, song, etc.); to use (a device, implement, etc.)

8

Transitive verb

to cause (someone inconvenience, trouble, etc.); to burden (someone); to impose

Examples
ๅคงๅค‰ใ”่ฟทๆƒ‘ใ‚’ใŠใ‹ใ‘ใ—ใฆ็”ณใ—่จณใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
I am sorry to trouble you so much.
ใ”่ฟทๆƒ‘ใ‚’ใŠใ‹ใ‘ใ—ใฆใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็”ณใ—่จณใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
I really appreciate all the trouble you've gone to.
9

Transitive verb; Mathematics

to multiply (arithmetic operation)

Examples
๏ผ”ๆŽ›ใ‘ใ‚‹๏ผ’ใฏ๏ผ˜ใ ใ€‚
Four multiplied by two is eight.
10

Transitive verb

to secure (e.g. lock)

11

Transitive verb

to take a seat; to sit; to rest (something on something else); to support (something on something else)

Examples
ใฉใ†ใžใŠใ‹ใ‘ไธ‹ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
Please have a seat.
12

Transitive verb; Also as ็น‹ใ‘ใ‚‹

to bind

Examples
ใใฎ็ฎฑใซ้ฃพใ‚Šใฎใƒ†ใƒผใƒ—ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
Do up the box with decorative tape.
13

Transitive verb

to wager; to bet; to risk; to stake; to gamble

14

Transitive verb

to put an effect (spell, anaesthetic, etc.) on

Examples
ใ‚ใ„ใคใซ้ญ”ๆณ•ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ‚ซใ‚จใƒซใซใ—ใฆใ‚„ใ‚ใ†ใ€‚
I'll bewitch him into a frog!
15

Transitive verb

to hold (a play, festival, etc.)

16

Transitive verb

to hold an emotion for (pity, hope, etc.)

Examples
ใ ใ‚Œใ‚‚ใŒใใฎๅ›šไบบใซๆƒ…ใ‘ใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใŸใ€‚
Everybody showed sympathy toward the prisoner.
17

Transitive verb

to argue (in court); to deliberate (in a meeting); to present (e.g. idea to a conference, etc.)

Examples
ใใฎๅ•้กŒใฏๅง”ๅ“กไผšใซใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
The question is before the committee.
18

Transitive verb

to increase further

19

Transitive verb

to catch (in a trap, etc.)

20

Transitive verb

to set atop

21

Transitive verb

to erect (a makeshift building)

22

Transitive verb

to apply (insurance)

Examples
ใใฎ่ฒจ็‰ฉใซใฏใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚†ใ‚‹ๅฑ้™บใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ไฟ้™บใŒๆŽ›ใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ€‚
The freight was insured against all risks.
23

Transitive verb

to pun (on a word); to use (a word) as a pivot word; to play on words

24

Suffix; After -masu stem of verb

to be partway doing ...; to begin (but not complete) ...; to be about to ...

25

Suffix; After -masu stem of verb; indicates an action is being directed to someone

to address (someone); to direct (something, to someone); to do (something, to someone)

Examples
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€่พฒๅœ’ไธปใฏๅฝผใซๅพฎ็ฌ‘ใฟใ‹ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
But the farmer smiled at him.
ๆŽ›ใ‹ใ‚‹
ๆŽ›ใ‚‹
ๆ‡ธใ‹ใ‚‹
ๆ‡ธใ‚‹
Godan verb
Usually kana
Freq #300
1

Intransitive verb

to take (a resource, e.g. time or money)

Examples
ใ‚ใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใฎใ‚ณใ‚คใƒณใ‚’ๅŽ้›†ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใฎๅนดๆœˆใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚
How long did it take you to collect so many coins?
2

to hang

Examples
ๅฃใซๅœฐๅ›ณใŒใ‹ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
There is a map on the wall.
3

to come into view; to arrive

4

to come under (a contract, a tax)

Examples
ๆ‰€ๅพ—็จŽใฏๆŽง้™ค้กใ‚’ไธŠๅ›žใ‚‹ใ„ใ‹ใชใ‚‹ๆ‰€ๅพ—ใซใ‚‚ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‹ใ€‚
An income tax is levied on any income that exceeds deductions.
5

to start (engines, motors)

Examples
ใฉใ†ใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ‚จใƒณใ‚ธใƒณใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
How can I start the engine?
6

to attend; to deal with; to handle

Examples
ๆญฏใŒ็—›ใ‚€ใชใ‚‰ใ€ๆญฏๅŒป่€…ใ•ใ‚“ใซใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‹ในใใงใ™ใ€‚
If your tooth hurts, you should see a dentist.
7

Auxiliary verb

to have started to; to be on the verge of

Examples
ใใ‚Œใฏใปใจใ‚“ใฉ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใ‹ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
It's almost over.
8

to overlap (e.g. information in a manual); to cover

9

Auxiliary verb

to (come) at

Examples
ๅฝผใŒใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใจ้ฆฌใŒๅฝผใ‚’่นดใ‚Šใ‹ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
The horse kicked at him when he approached it.
10

to be fastened

Examples
ใ”่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใ‚ทใƒผใƒˆใƒ™ใƒซใƒˆใŒๅฎ‰ๅ…จใซใ‹ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใŠ็ขบใ‹ใ‚้ก˜ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
Please make sure that your seat belt is securely fastened.
11

to be covered (e.g. with dust, a table-cloth, etc.)

Examples
ใ“ใฎๆฉŸๆขฐใซใปใ“ใ‚ŠใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ—ใฆใŠใ‹ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
You must keep this machine free from dust.
12

to be caught in

Examples
ใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใ‚ธใฏ่ฉๆฌบใซใ‹ใ‹ใฃใฆใใฎๅœŸๅœฐใ‚’่ฒทใ‚ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ€‚
George was tricked into buying the land.
13

to get a call

Examples
้–“้•ใˆใฆใ‹ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
You have the wrong number.
14

to depend on

Examples
ๅทžใฎ้ธๆ‰‹ๆจฉใŒใ‹ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใƒใƒผใƒ ใฎใฟใ‚“ใชใฏไธ€็”Ÿๆ‡ธๅ‘ฝ่ฉฆๅˆใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ€‚
The team played hard because the championship of the state was at stake.
ๆˆ‘ใ€…ใฎๆˆๅŠŸใฏๅฝผใŒๆ‰‹ไผใฃใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใซใ‹ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
Our success depends on whether he helps us or not.
15

Usu. ๏ฝžใซใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‹

to begin (a task); to set about (doing); to get down to

ๅ‡บๆŽ›ใ‘ใ‚‹
ใงใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹
Intransitive
Ichidan verb
Freq #1249
1

to go out (e.g. on an excursion or outing); to leave; to depart; to start; to set out

Examples
๏ผ‘๏ผๅˆ†ๅ‰ใซๅ‡บใ‹ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
She left home ten minutes ago.
2

to be about to leave; to be just going out

ๅฃฐใ‚’ๆŽ›ใ‘ใ‚‹
ใ“ใˆใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹
Expression
Ichidan verb
Freq #1376
1

to greet; to call out (to); to start talking (to)

Examples
ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ้€šใ‚Š้ŽใŽใ‚‹ใจใใซๅฟ…ใšๅฃฐใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใŸใ€‚
She didn't pass me without speaking to me.
2

to invite; to get in touch (with); to give a shout (to); to let (someone) know (one is in the area or has time to meet, etc.)

3

to cheer (on); to give vocal support (to)

่ฉฑใ—ๆŽ›ใ‘ใ‚‹
ใฏใชใ—ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹
Transitive
Ichidan verb
Freq #1491
1

to address (someone); to accost a person; to talk (to someone)

Examples
็งใฏใใ‚“ใชๅคฑ็คผใช่ฉฑใ—ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œๆ–นใซๆ…ฃใ‚Œใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ€‚
I'm not used to being talked to in such a rude manner.
2

to begin to talk; to start a conversation

Examples
็”ทใŒ่ฟ‘ใฅใ„ใฆ็งใซ่ฉฑใ—ใ‹ใ‘ใŸใ€‚
A man came up and spoke to me.
่ฟฝใ„ๆŽ›ใ‘ใ‚‹
ใŠใ„ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹
่ฟฝใ„้ง†ใ‘ใ‚‹
Transitive
Ichidan verb
Freq #1626
1

to chase; to run after; to pursue

Examples
็ŠฌใŒ็Œซใ‚’่ฟฝใ„ใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ„ใŸใ€‚
A dog was running after a cat.
2

As ่ฟฝใ„ใ‹ใ‘ใฆ or ่ฟฝใ„ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ

subsequently; following that; (and) then

่ฆ‹ๆŽ›ใ‘ใ‚‹
ใฟใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹
Transitive
Ichidan verb
Freq #2078
1

to (happen to) see; to notice; to catch sight of

Examples
็งใฏๅฎ‰ๅฎคๅฅˆ็พŽๆตใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‹ใ‘ใŸใ€‚
I caught sight of Namie Amuro.
ใ—ใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹
Transitive
Ichidan verb
Freq #2097
1

to start; to begin; to commence

2

to challenge; to pick (a fight); to make (war); to draw (a reaction) from

3

to set (traps); to plant (explosives); to lay (mines)

Examples
ๅฝผใฏใใฎๅ‹•็‰ฉใ‚’ใจใ‚‰ใˆใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ‚ใชใ‚’ใ—ใ‹ใ‘ใŸใ€‚
He set a trap to catch the animal.
4

Mahjong

to make a meld call

ๅ‘ผใณๆŽ›ใ‘ใ‚‹
ใ‚ˆใณใ‹ใ‘ใ‚‹
Transitive
Ichidan verb
Freq #2531
1

to call out to; to hail; to address

Examples
้ ใใ‹ใ‚‰่ชฐใ‹ใŒ็งใซๅ‘ผใณใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใŒ่žใ“ใˆใŸใ€‚
I heard someone calling me from a distance.
2

to appeal (e.g. to the public); to urge; to exhort; to advise

Examples
่ญฆๅฎ˜ใฏใ™ใ‚Šใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ๆณจๆ„ใ‚’ๅ‘ผใณใ‹ใ‘ใŸใ€‚
The policeman called attention to the problem of pickpockets.
ๆ™‚้–“ใŒๆŽ›ใ‹ใ‚‹
ใ˜ใ‹ใ‚“ใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‹
Expression
Godan verb
Freq #2581
1

to take time

Examples
็งใŒใ“ใ“ใฎ็”Ÿๆดปใซๆ…ฃใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใซๆ™‚้–“ใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใใ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
It seems like it will take me a while to get accustomed to life here.
๐ŸŽ“

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