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ๅ…ƒ
ๅ…ƒ
4 strokes
Frequency: 192
JLPT N3
Grade 2

Meanings

beginning
former time
origin

Readings

On โ€” Chinese-derived reading, usually for compounds
ใ‚ฒใƒณ
ใ‚ฌใƒณ
Kun โ€” Native Japanese reading, usually for standalone words
ใ‚‚ใจ
Nanori โ€” Specialized readings used in names
ใกใ‹
ใฏใ˜ใ‚
ใฏใ‚‹
ใ‚†ใ
ใ‚ˆใ—

Common Words

ๆœฌ
็ด 
ๅŸบ
ใ‚‚ใจ
Freq #377
1

Common noun; Esp. ๅ…ƒ

origin; source; beginning

Examples
ๆ†ฒๆ”ฟใฎๅฑๆฉŸใŒๅง‹ใพใฃใŸใฎใฏใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใช็Šถๆณใฎใ‚‚ใจใงใ‚ใฃใŸใ€‚
It was under these circumstances that the constitutional crisis began.
ใ‚„ใฃใฆใ—ใพใฃใŸใ“ใจใฏๅ…ƒใซๆˆปใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
What is done cannot be undone.
2

Common noun; Oft. ๅŸบ

basis; base; foundation; root

Examples
็งใŸใกใฏไบบใ‚’ใใฎไบบใฎไบบๆ ผใ‚’ๅŸบใซๅˆคๆ–ญใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏไธ€่ฆ‹ใ—ใŸใจใ“ใ‚ใงใฏใฏใฃใใ‚Šใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
Although we may intend to judge a person on the basis of his or her personal qualities, they are not visible at first sight.
ใ“ใฎใ‚ทใ‚นใƒ†ใƒ ใฎใ‚‚ใจใงใฏใ€็”Ÿๅพ’ใฏไบคๆ›ฟใงๆ•™ใˆใ‚ใ„ใ€ใŠไบ’ใ„ใซๅŠฉใ‘ๅˆใ‚ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
The basis of this system is that the students must take turns in teaching, they have to help each other.
3

Common noun; Also written as ๅ› , ๅŽŸ

cause

Examples
ใใฎไบ‹ๅ‹™ๅ“กใฏ้ŽๅŠดใŒใ‚‚ใจใงๆญปใ‚“ใ ใ€‚
The clerk died from overwork.
4

Common noun; Esp. ็ด 

(raw) material; ingredient; base; mix (e.g. for a cake); (soup) stock

5

ๅ…ƒ only; Common noun

(one's) side

Examples
ๅฝผใฏใชใœๅฆปใŒๅฝผใฎใ‚‚ใจใ‚’ๅŽปใฃใŸใฎใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
He had no idea why his wife left him.
6

ๅ…ƒ only; Common noun

capital; principal; cost price

7

Common noun

root (of a plant); (tree) trunk

8

Common noun

part (of a brush, chopsticks, etc.) one holds (with the hand)

9

Common noun

first three lines of a waka

10

ๆœฌ only; Counter

counter for plants or trees

11

ๆœฌ only; Counter

counter for falcons (in falconry)

ๆ—ง
ๆ•…
ใ‚‚ใจ
Freq #377
1

Nouns which may take the genitive case particle 'no'; Noun, used as a prefix

former; ex-; past; one-time

Examples
ใ†ใกใฎใ‹ใฟใ•ใ‚“ใฏๅ…ƒใƒ—ใƒญใƒฌใ‚นใƒฉใƒผใงใ€ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚‚ใ—็งใŒๆตฎๆฐ—ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ“ใ‚ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‹ใ‚Šใงใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใ‚‚ใฎใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใ“ใใ‚ณใƒ†ใƒณใƒ‘ใƒณใซใ‚„ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ—ใพใ†ใ‚ˆใ€‚
My wife used to be a pro-wrestler, so if she ever catches me two-timing her, I'd be beaten to a pulp.
2

Common noun; Nouns which may take the genitive case particle 'no'

earlier times; the past; previous state

3

Common noun; Adverb (fukushi)

formerly; previously; originally; before

ใ’ใ‚“ใ
๏ฝžใช Adj.
Noun
Freq #400
1

lively; full of spirit; energetic; vigorous; vital; spirited

Examples
ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ใƒญใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใ€‚ใจใฃใฆใ‚‚ๅ…ƒๆฐ—ใ‚ˆใ€‚
Hi, Roger. I'm pretty good!
2

healthy; well; fit; in good health

ๅ…ƒใ€…
ๅ…ƒๅ…ƒ
ๆœฌๆœฌ
ๆœฌใ€…
Usually kana
Freq #1886
1

Adverb (fukushi); Nouns which may take the genitive case particle 'no'

originally; from the start; from the beginning; from the outset; by nature

Examples
ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅ…ƒใ€…ใ‚ใฃใŸๆ–‡ๆ˜Žใ‚’็ ดๅฃŠใ—ใŸใ€‚
They destroyed the native civilization.
2

Adjectival nouns or quasi-adjectives (keiyodoshi); Common noun; Usu. as ใ€œใฆ(ใ‚‚)ใ‚‚ใจใ‚‚ใจ, ใ€œใงใ‚‚ใจใ‚‚ใจ, etc.

none the worse (for); (coming out) even; in the same position (as before)

่ถณไธ‹
ใ‚ใ—ใ‚‚ใจ
่ถณ่จฑ
Freq #2193
1

Common noun; Nouns which may take the genitive case particle 'no'

at one's feet; underfoot; one's step (as in "watch your step")

Examples
้ฃฒใฟ้ŽใŽใฆใ€ใชใ‚“ใ‹่ถณๅ…ƒใŒใƒ•ใƒฉใƒ•ใƒฉใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
I drank too much and the ground seemed to spin under my feet.
2

Common noun

gait; pace; step

3

Nouns which may take the genitive case particle 'no'

most recent; current

ใ˜ใ‚‚ใจ
Freq #2968
1

Common noun

home area; home town

Examples
ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ•†ๅ“ใฎไธญใซใฏใ€ๅœฐๅ…ƒใงใฏๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€‚
These goods may not be available locally.
2

Nouns which may take the genitive case particle 'no'

local

Examples
ใใฎๅฉฆไบบใฎ่‘ฌๅผใฏๅœฐๅ…ƒใฎๆ•™ไผšใง่กŒใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸใ€‚
The lady's funeral was held at the local church.
ๅฃใ‚‚ใจ
ๅฃ่จฑ
ใใกใ‚‚ใจ
Noun
Freq #3070
1

mouth; lips

Examples
ใใฎๅฅณใฎๅญใฏๅฐใ•ใชๆ„›ใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๅฃๅ…ƒใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
The girl has a sweet, small mouth.
2

shape of the mouth

3

near an entrance; vicinity of an entrance

ๆ‰‹่จฑ
ๆ‰‹ใ‚‚ใจ
ใฆใ‚‚ใจ
Freq #3343
1

Adverb (fukushi)

at hand; on hand; nearby; close at hand

Examples
็งใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚่พžๅ…ธใ‚’๏ผ“ๅ†Šๆ‰‹ๅ…ƒใซ็ฝฎใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
I always keep three dictionaries at hand.
2

Common noun

way of moving one's arms; skill

3

Common noun

money at hand; pocket money

4

Common noun

grip; handle

่ƒธใ‚‚ใจ
ใ‚€ใชใ‚‚ใจ
่ƒธ่จฑ
Noun
Freq #3512
1

breast; chest

2

pit of the stomach; solar plexus; epigastrium

ใฟใฟใ‚‚ใจ
่€ณ่จฑ
Noun
Freq #3625
1

Usu. ่€ณๅ…ƒใง

close to the ear

Examples
ๅฝผใฏ็งใฎ่€ณๅ…ƒใงใใฎ็ญ”ใˆใ‚’ๅ›ใ„ใŸใ€‚
He whispered the answer in my ear.

Memory Mnemonics

Keywords

The core concepts or meanings associated with this specific kanji.

beginning

Constituents

The visual building blocks used to craft this character's story.

ๅ„ฟ human legs
ไบŒ two

Mnemonic Stories

Two pairs of human legs: In the beginning, God made Adam and Eve.

๐ŸŽ“

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