音

popularly accepted "on" reading of a kanji (as opposed to those derived from Chinese)

monophthong; simple vowel

Linguistics

long vowel

Linguistics

short vowel

Linguistics

alveolar consonant

initial consonant; syllable onset

final consonant

Wu dynasty reading of Chinese characters

tōsō-on; Tang-Song reading; on reading of a kanji based on Song dynasty and later Chinese

Linguistics

nasal vowel

(of Chinese) pronunciation of kanji without a medial between the initial consonant and center vowel

(of Japanese) the long "o" vowel arising from combination of the "a" and "u" sounds

(of Chinese) pronunciation of kanji with a medial between the initial consonant and center vowel

(of Japanese) the long "o" vowel arising from combination of the "o" and "u" or "e" and "u" sounds

Linguistics

Great Vowel Shift

Music

meantone temperament

miyako-bushi scale (characteristic Japanese hemitonic pentatonic scale: mi, fa, la, ti, do)

folk scale (anhemitonic pentatonic scale: mi, so, la, ti, re)

psychoacoustic

Linguistics

diphthong

Linguistics

bilabial

Noun or verb acting prenominally

electro-acoustic

Linguistics

medial (in phonics)

kanji reading that has not been approved by the government (and is not to be taught in public schools)

Linguistics

click consonant; click; click sound; suction stop

Linguistics

lateral