達

Buddhism

attaining enlightenment

flapper

notification (from a high to a low official)

next-day delivery

Slang; Jocular, humorous term

homosexual friend

Operation Tomodachi; United States Armed Forces assistance operation to support Japan in disaster relief following the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami

broad-minded and free in disposition; large-hearted and not scrupulous about trifles

success in life; advancement in life; rising in the world

flashy appearance

developmental test

chemical messenger

electron transport chain

to compete with each other (e.g. out of pride, obstinacy, etc.)

unofficial notice

Buddhism

abhidharma; texts that contain detailed reworkings of the Buddhist sutras

baking soda; sodium bicarbonate

dandy; gallant; chivalrous person

(roads) running in all directions; convenient transportation; ability in any line

Computing

special delivery; PD PR

falling short of the mark

onlookers; bystanders

beginning one's studies with something familiar and gradually increasing the depth of learning

transfer function

wisdom