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Freq #377
1

Common noun; Esp. 元

origin; source; beginning

Examples
憲政の危機が始まったのは、このような状況のもとであった。
It was under these circumstances that the constitutional crisis began.
やってしまったことはに戻らない。
What is done cannot be undone.
2

Common noun; Oft. 基

basis; base; foundation; root

Examples
私たちは人をその人の人格をに判断しようと考えるかもしれないが、それらは一見したところでははっきりわからないものである。
Although we may intend to judge a person on the basis of his or her personal qualities, they are not visible at first sight.
このシステムのもとでは、生徒は交替で教えあい、お互いに助け合わなければなりません。
The basis of this system is that the students must take turns in teaching, they have to help each other.
3

Common noun; Also written as 因, 原

cause

Examples
その事務員は過労がもとで死んだ。
The clerk died from overwork.
4

Common noun; Esp. 素

(raw) material; ingredient; base; mix (e.g. for a cake); (soup) stock

5

元 only; Common noun

(one's) side

Examples
彼はなぜ妻が彼のもとを去ったのかわからなかった。
He had no idea why his wife left him.
6

元 only; Common noun

capital; principal; cost price

7

Common noun

root (of a plant); (tree) trunk

8

Common noun

part (of a brush, chopsticks, etc.) one holds (with the hand)

9

Common noun

first three lines of a waka

10

本 only; Counter

counter for plants or trees

11

本 only; Counter

counter for falcons (in falconry)

なおNoun~な Adj.Freq #832
1

obedient; meek; docile; unaffected

2

honest; frank; upfront (about one's feelings)

Examples
思っていることを素直に言うのは悪いことではありません。
Saying what you think frankly is not a bad thing.
3

straight (e.g. hair)

4

without peculiarity; without mannerisms; standard; neat (e.g. handwriting)

てき~な Adj.Freq #1839
1

lovely; wonderful; charming; enchanting; nice; great; splendid; marvellous (marvelous); fantastic; superb

Examples
あなた達は本当に素敵なお客だ。
You're such a lovely audience.
早いばや速い~い Adj.Freq #2282
1

quick; swift; nimble; agile

Examples
悪い知らせはすばやく伝わる。
Bad news travels fast.
そのクモは素早い反撃をする。
The spider responds with a swift attack.
2

quick (understanding, judgement, etc.); alert; prompt

Examples
彼は素早くフランス語を習得した。
He acquired French quickly.
うそNounFreq #2733
1

component; factor; item (e.g. in list)

Examples
教育は重大な要素である。
Education is a critical element.
2

Computing

element (e.g. in array); member (e.g. data structure)

ざいNounFreq #3420
1

ingredient; (raw) material; resource

Examples
この素材は決してすり減ったりしない。
This material never wears out.
2

unprocessed timber; raw timber

3

subject matter; topic

振りぶりNounFreq #4774
1

behavior; behaviour; manner; attitude; bearing

Examples
ジェーンはいつもとても金持ちのようなそぶりだった。
Jane always made out that she was very rich.
晴らしいばらし~い Adj.Freq #1766
1

wonderful; splendid; magnificent

Examples
その日は実にすばらしい日だった。
It was a really beautiful day.
生地NounFreq #5051
1

cloth; fabric; material; texture

Examples
生地を預ければドレスを仕立ててくれますか。
Will you make me up a dress if I give you the material?
2

dough; batter

Examples
イースト菌がパン生地を膨らます。
Yeast makes dough rise.
3

inherent quality; one's true character; one's true colours

4

unglazed pottery

5

skin with no make-up

6

uncoated metal

すっFreq #5656
1

Prefix; For emphasis

most; much; greatly

Freq #5942
1

Common noun

one's nature; one's feelings; oneself

Examples
どうやら、さっきのは演技ではなく、だったらしい。
It seems like that she wasn't acting back then; they were her real feelings.
2

Nouns which may take the genitive case particle 'no'

plain; unadorned; undecorated; unadulterated; au naturel

3

Derogatory; Prefix; Before a noun

mere; poor

4

Prefix; Before an adjective

exceedingly

とより元より固よりよりAdverbUsually kanaFreq #6291
1

from the beginning; from the first; all along; originally

Examples
もとより私は最悪の事態を覚悟していた。
From the outset I was prepared for the worst.
2

of course

Examples
もとよりそんなことは承知の上だ。
Of course I am aware of that.
3

Usu. as ...はもとより...も

not to mention ...; not only ... but also ...; to say nothing of ...

Examples
低賃金、劣悪な労働条件、一方的な首切りなどの経済・労働問題はもとより、各種の人道的問題までも引き起こしている。
Of course, they are suffering from terrible working conditions such as low wages and arbitrary layoffs, as well as from various forms of discrimination.
種姓じょうせい (性/素生)ゅせい (種姓)すぞう ()しゅしょう (種姓)NounFreq #6980
1

birth; lineage; parentage; origin

2

identity; background; history; past

Examples
ぜんぜん素性の分からない人間を軽々しく信用してはならぬ。
Don't trust a man whose past you know nothing about.
3

provenance; origin

しつNounFreq #7568
1

makings (of); aptitude; talent; qualities

Examples
私は優れた彼の妻になる素質がある。
I make an excellent wife for him.
2

nature; character; temperament

ぼくNoun~な Adj.Freq #7679
1

simple; artless; naive; unsophisticated

Examples
素朴な疑問なんだけど、・・・トラとライオンはどっちが強いの?
This may be a silly question, but which is stronger - a tiger or a lion?
Noun~の Adj.Freq #9010
1

bare hand; empty hand

Examples
ある人が素手で掘っているのが見えた。
One man was seen digging with his bare hands.
んそNounFreq #9131
1

oxygen (O)

Examples
酸素が無ければ生きられない。
You can't live without oxygen.
んそNoun~な Adj.Freq #9817
1

simple; plain; modest

Examples
芝刈り機が簡素な作りの荷車に積んである。
Some lawn equipment is loaded into the jerry-built cart.
空巣からすカラスNounFreq #10230
1

Hanafuda

dealt hand containing only 1-point cards (scoring combination)

がおNounFreq #10678
1

face with no make-up; unpainted face

2

true face (of a country, celebrity, etc.); real face; true picture; real nature

3

sober face; sobriety

っそNoun~な Adj.Freq #11244
1

simple; plain

Examples
私達は質素な食物を食べるのに慣れている。
We are used to eating plain food.
2

modest; frugal; reserved

Examples
ドイツ人は質素な国民だ。
Germans are a frugal people.
通りどおりNounIntransitive~する VerbFreq #13042
1

passing through without stopping; passing by

はだNounFreq #14460
1

bare skin; naked skin

貧相んそうNoun~な Adj.Freq #15460
1

poor-looking; impoverished-looking

Examples
貧相な身なりをしているからといって、人を軽べつしてはいけない。
You must not despise a man because he is poorly dressed.
2

scrawny (e.g. figure); thin-looking; sparse (e.g. meal); meagre; meager; insubstantial