四

Historical term

the four great civilizations of the world (China, Babylon, India and Egypt; as put forward by Chinese scholar Liang Qichao in 1900)

Historical term

humorism (ancient system of medicine); humoralism; humoral theory

Historical term

four administrative positions (of the ritsuryō system: kami, suke, jou, sakan)

Historical term

Four Home Provinces (Yamato, Yamashiro, Settsu, and Kawachi; made obsolete in 757)

Historical term

equality for the four classes (early Meiji-period slogan)

Historical term

April 16 incident (arrests of communists and members of other anti-government groups; 1929)

Historical term; Art, aesthetics

Shijō school of Japanese painting (late Edo period)

Historical term

Shimonoseki campaign (1863-1864); Shimonoseki bombardment

Historical term

Four Great Inventions (of China: the compass, gunpowder, papermaking and printing)

Historical term

(four) cardinal humors; cardinal humours

four sides (boundaries) of a property

fourth watch of the night (approx. 1am to 3am)

Rare term

the four auspicious beasts from Chinese mythology

Rare term

the four auspicious beasts from Chinese mythology

Rare term

the whole body

land-tax system during the Edo period under which the government took 40% of the year's crop and the farmers kept 60%

Rare term

varna (each of India's four castes)

Rare term

four orders of Buddhist followers (monks, nuns, male lay devotees and female lay devotees)

Rare term

loose-flowered hornbeam (Carpinus laxiflora)

Rare term

Chinese muntjac (species of barking deer, Muntiacus reevesi)

4-stringed biwa (Oriental lute)

head, trunk, arms, and legs; the whole body

the Big Dipper (asterism); the Plough; the Plow

Numeric

forty; 40