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Frequency: 2396
JLPT N1
Grade 8

Meanings

affixed
attach
refer to
append

Readings

On โ€” Chinese-derived reading, usually for compounds
ใƒ•
Kun โ€” Native Japanese reading, usually for standalone words
ใค.ใ‘ใ‚‹
ใค.ใ
Nanori โ€” Specialized readings used in names
ใšใ
ใฅใ‘

Common Words

ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹
็€ใ‘ใ‚‹
้™„ใ‘ใ‚‹
Usually kana
Ichidan verb
Freq #316
1

Transitive verb

to attach; to join; to connect; to add; to append; to affix; to stick; to glue; to fasten; to sew on; to apply (ointment); to put against

Examples
ใŠใพใˆใฎไธŠ็€ใฏ็งใฎๅ‹˜ๅฎšใซใคใ‘ใฆใŠใใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚
Put your coat on my account.
2

Transitive verb

to furnish (a house with)

Examples
่‡ชๅฎ…ใ‚’ๆ”น็ฏ‰ใ™ใ‚‹้š›ใซใ€ใ“ใฎ้ƒจๅฑ‹ใซใ ใ‘้˜ฒ้Ÿณ่จญๅ‚™ใจๅ†…้ตใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใŸใ‚“ใ ใ€‚
When my home had an extension built I only had this room fitted with soundproofing and an internal lock.
3

Transitive verb

to wear; to put on

Examples
้Žงใ‚’ใคใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใฏใ€่ปขใถใจๅคงใใช้ŸณใŒใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
He who wears armor falls with a big crash!
4

Transitive verb

to keep a diary; to make an entry

Examples
ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆ˜”ใ€ๆ—ฅ่จ˜ใ‚’ไป˜ใ‘ใฆใ„ใŸใŒไปŠใฏใคใ‘ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ€‚
She used to keep a diary, but she no longer does.
5

Transitive verb

to appraise; to set (a price)

Examples
ใ‚ใฎๅบ—ใงใฏๅ•†ๅ“ใ‚’ๅ€คไธ‹ใ’ใ—ใฆๅ€คๆฎตใŒใคใ‘ใฆใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
They mark down goods at that shop.
6

Transitive verb

to allot; to budget; to assign

7

Transitive verb

to bring alongside

8

Transitive verb

to place (under guard or doctor)

Examples
่ญฆๅฎ˜ใฏใใฎ็”ทใ‚’ใคใ‘ใŸใ€‚
The policeman followed him.
9

Transitive verb

to follow (someone); to shadow; to tail; to stalk

10

Transitive verb

to load; to give (courage to)

11

Transitive verb

to keep (an eye on)

12

Transitive verb

to establish (relations or understanding)

13

Transitive verb

to turn on (a light)

Examples
ใƒˆใƒ ใŒใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใ‚’ใคใ‘ใŸใจใŸใ‚“ใซใƒ’ใƒฅใƒผใ‚บใŒใจใ‚“ใ ใ€‚
No sooner had Tom turned on the TV than the fuse blew.
14

Transitive verb

to produce flowers (of a plant); to produce fruit

Examples
็งใฎๆœจใฏๅฐ‘ใ—่Šฑใ‚’ใคใ‘ใŸใŒๅฎŸใฏใชใ‚‰ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
My tree had a few blossoms but no fruit.
15

Suffix; After -masu stem of verb

to do intensely; to do fiercely; to do strongly

16

Suffix; After -masu stem of verb

to be used to (doing); to be accustomed to

่ฆ‹ไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹
ใฟใคใ‘ใ‚‹
Transitive
Ichidan verb
Freq #342
1

to find; to discover; to come across; to spot; to catch (someone doing)

Examples
ๆŽขใ—ใฆใ„ใŸ็ๆœฌใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใŸใ€‚
I found a rare book I had been looking for.
2

to be used to seeing; to be familiar with

ใคใ
้™„ใ
Godan verb
Freq #414
1

Intransitive verb

to be attached; to be connected with; to adhere; to stick; to cling

Examples
ใƒœใ‚คใƒฉใฏๆนฏใ‚ใ‹ใŒใณใฃใ—ใ‚Šใคใ„ใŸใ€‚
The boiler was heavily scaled.
2

Intransitive verb

to remain imprinted; to scar; to stain; to dye

Examples
ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็‰›ใซใฏ็„ผใๅฐใŒใคใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
The cattle are marked with brands.
3

Intransitive verb

to bear (fruit, interest, etc.)

4

Intransitive verb

to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)

Examples
ๅฝผใฏๅฆปใŒๆญปใ‚“ใงไปฅๆฅ้…’ใ‚’้ฃฒใ‚€็™–ใŒใคใ„ใŸใ€‚
He has taken to drinking since the death of his wife.
5

Intransitive verb

to take root

6

Intransitive verb

to accompany; to attend; to follow; to study with

Examples
ใŠ้ขจๅ‘‚ใฏใคใ„ใฆใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
Does it have a bathroom?
7

Intransitive verb

to side with; to belong to

Examples
ๅฝผใฏใใฎ่จŽ่ซ–ใงๅๅฏพๆดพใซไป˜ใ„ใŸใ€‚
He sided with the opposition group in the argument.
8

Intransitive verb

to possess; to haunt

9

Intransitive verb

to be lit; to catch fire; to ignite; to be turned on (of a light, appliance, etc.)

Examples
ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ใŒใคใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
The TV won't turn on.
10

Intransitive verb

to be settled; to be resolved; to be decided

11

Intransitive verb

to be given (of a name, price, etc.)

12

Intransitive verb

to be sensed; to be perceived

13

Intransitive verb; From ้‹ใŒใคใ

to be lucky

14

Suffix; After -masu stems, onomatopoeic and mimetic words

to become (a state, condition, etc.)

ใตใใ‚“
้™„่ฟ‘
Noun suffix
Noun
Freq #2725
1

neighborhood; neighbourhood; vicinity; environs; surrounding area; district

Examples
ใ“ใฎไป˜่ฟ‘ใฏใƒขใƒ€ใƒณใชๅปบ็‰ฉใŒๅคšใ„ใ€‚
There are many modern buildings around here.
ๅ—ใ‘ไป˜ใ‘
ใ†ใ‘ใคใ‘
Noun
Freq #5087
1

Esp. ๅ—ไป˜

reception (desk); information desk; receptionist; information clerk

Examples
ใใ‚Œใ„ใช่ŠฑใŒๅ—ไป˜ใฎใƒ‡ใ‚นใ‚ฏใซ้ฃพใฃใฆใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
There were beautiful flowers on the reception desk.
2

Noun or participle which takes the aux. verb suru; Transitive verb; Intransitive verb; Esp. ๅ—ใ‘ไป˜ใ‘

receipt; acceptance

ใคใ‘ใใ‚ใˆใ‚‹
Transitive
Ichidan verb
Freq #5743
1

to add (one thing to another); to add (a few more words, an explanation, etc.)

Examples
ใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใซๅฝผใฎๅๅ‰ใ‚’ใคใ‘ๅŠ ใˆใŸใ€‚
I added his name to the list.
ใฒใฅใ‘
ๆ—ฅไป˜ใ‘
ๆ—ฅ้™„
Noun
Freq #6486
1

date; dating

Examples
ใใฎๆ‰‹็ด™ใฎๆ—ฅไป˜ใฏใ„ใคใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
What's the date of the letter?
ใคใ‘
ใƒ„ใ‚ฑ
้™„ใ‘
Noun
Freq #8037
1

bill; bill of sale; payment invoice

2

tab (for later payment); credit

Examples
ใคใ‘ใงใŠ้ก˜ใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
I want to put this on house charge.
3

Word usually written using kana alone; Go (game); Usu. ใƒ„ใ‚ฑ

attachment; contact play

4

Word usually written using kana alone; Kabuki

sound effect produced by striking a wooden board with clappers

5

Archaic

letter

6

Archaic

reason; motive; pretext

7

Archaic

one's fortune; one's luck

ใตใ‚ˆ
้™„ไธŽ
๏ฝžใ™ใ‚‹ Verb
Noun
Transitive
Freq #9320
1

grant; allowance; endowment; bestowal; assignment; conferment

Examples
ใ“ใฎ็คพไผšใŒ่‹ฅใ•ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใซใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๆ„Ÿๆƒ…็š„็‰นๆจฉใ‚’ไป˜ไธŽใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏ่ชค่งฃใ‚’ๅผ•ใ่ตทใ“ใ—ใ‚„ใ™ใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ใ€‚
I find it apt to cause misunderstanding that society confers such emotional privileges upon youth.
ใตใกใ‚ƒใ
้™„็€
๏ฝžใ™ใ‚‹ Verb
Noun
Intransitive
Freq #10860
1

sticking to; clinging to; adhesion; cohesion; agglutination

Examples
ๆตทใฎๆค็‰ฉใฏๆตทๅบ•ใซไป˜็€ใ—ใฆ่‚ฒใคใ€‚
Marine plants grow on the sea bed.
๐ŸŽ“

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