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Frequency: 59
JLPT N3
Grade 3

Meanings

open
unfold
unseal

Readings

On โ€” Chinese-derived reading, usually for compounds
ใ‚ซใ‚ค
Kun โ€” Native Japanese reading, usually for standalone words
ใฒใ‚‰.ใ
ใฒใ‚‰.ใ
-ใณใ‚‰.ใ
ใฒใ‚‰.ใ‘ใ‚‹
ใ‚.ใ
ใ‚.ใ‘ใ‚‹
Nanori โ€” Specialized readings used in names
ใฏใ‚‹
ใ‹
ใฒใ‚‰ใ

Common Words

ใฒใ‚‰ใ
ใƒ’ใƒฉใ
Godan verb
Freq #255
1

Intransitive verb; Transitive verb

to open; to undo; to unseal; to unpack

Examples
ๅ…ˆ้€ฑใ€็ง้”ใฏ่ˆž่ธไผšใ‚’้–‹ใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
We gave a ball last week.
2

Intransitive verb; Transitive verb

to bloom; to unfold; to spread out

Examples
ๅบญใฎใƒใƒฉใฎๆœจใฎใคใผใฟใŒๅฐ‘ใ—ใšใค้–‹ใๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
Little by little, the buds on the rosebush in my garden begin to open.
3

Intransitive verb; Transitive verb

to open (for business, e.g. in the morning)

4

Intransitive verb; Transitive verb

to be wide (gap, etc.); to widen

5

Transitive verb

to hold (meeting, party, etc.); to give; to open

6

Transitive verb

to found (nation, dynasty, sect, etc.); to open (a new business); to set up; to establish; to start

7

Transitive verb

to open (ports, borders, etc.)

8

Transitive verb

to open (an account)

9

Transitive verb

to open up (new land, path, etc.); to clear; to develop

10

Transitive verb; Computing

to open (a file, etc.)

11

Transitive verb; Mathematics

to extract (root); to reduce (equation)

12

Transitive verb; Food, cooking; As ้ญšใ‚’้–‹ใ

to cut open (fish)

13

Transitive verb

to change (kanji into hiragana)

14

Intransitive verb

to flare (e.g. skirt)

15

Intransitive verb; Sports; As ไฝ“ใŒ้–‹ใ, ่‚ฉใŒ้–‹ใ, etc.

to slacken (into a poor posture)

16

Word usually written using kana alone; Intransitive verb; Go (game); Usu. ใƒ’ใƒฉใ

to extend

็ฉบใ‘ใ‚‹
ๆ˜Žใ‘ใ‚‹
ใ‚ใ‘ใ‚‹
Ichidan verb
Freq #583
1

้–‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ only; Transitive verb

to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to unlock

Examples
ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚’้–“้•ใฃใฆใ‚ใ‘ใฆใ—ใพใฃใฆใ™ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
I'm sorry I opened your mail by mistake.
๏ผ“ไบบใฎๅฐ‘ๅนด้”ใฏใใฎๅปบ็‰ฉใฎๆ‰‰ใ‚’้–‹ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
The three boys opened the doors of the building.
2

้–‹ใ‘ใ‚‹ only; Transitive verb

to open (for business, etc.)

3

Transitive verb; Esp. ็ฉบใ‘ใ‚‹

to empty; to remove; to make space; to make room

Examples
่ฒกๅธƒใฎไธญ่บซใ‚’ใ“ใฎ่ข‹ใซ็ฉบใ‘ใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚
Empty the purse into this bag.
4

Transitive verb; Esp. ็ฉบใ‘ใ‚‹

to move out; to clear out

5

Transitive verb; Esp. ็ฉบใ‘ใ‚‹

to be away from (e.g. one's house); to leave (temporarily)

6

Intransitive verb; Esp. ๆ˜Žใ‘ใ‚‹

to dawn; to grow light

7

Intransitive verb; Esp. ๆ˜Žใ‘ใ‚‹

to end (of a period, season)

8

Intransitive verb; Esp. ๆ˜Žใ‘ใ‚‹

to begin (of the New Year)

9

Intransitive verb; Esp. ๆ˜Žใ‘ใ‚‹

to leave (one's schedule) open; to make time (for)

Examples
ๆฌกใฎๅœŸๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎๅˆๅพŒใฏ็ฉบใ‘ใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
Please leave next Saturday afternoon free.
10

Intransitive verb

to make (a hole); to open up (a hole)

ใฆใ‚“ใ‹ใ„
๏ฝžใ™ใ‚‹ Verb
Noun
Transitive
Freq #1186
1

Intransitive verb

development; evolution; progression; unfolding; (plot) twist

Examples
ใใฎไบ‹ไปถใฎๅฑ•้–‹ใซใคใ„ใฆๅผ•ใ็ถšใใŠ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ไธ‹ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
Please keep me informed of the development of the case.
2

Intransitive verb

expansion; spreading out; extending; deployment; building up

Examples
ไธŽๅ…šใฏ้‡Žๅ…š้ž้›ฃใฎใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใƒšใƒผใƒณใ‚’ๅฑ•้–‹ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
The ruling party is running a smear campaign against the opposition.
3

Intransitive verb; Mathematics

expansion (of an algebraic expression)

4

Intransitive verb; Mathematics

development (of a three-dimensional shape)

5

Intransitive verb; Computing

extraction (of compressed data); decompression; unpacking

6

Business

sharing (information)

ใ‹ใ„
Suffix
Freq #1345
1

Prefix

open; beginning

ใใกใ‚’ใฒใ‚‰ใ
Expression
Godan verb
Freq #1451
1

to open one's mouth (to talk); to (start to) tell

Examples
็งใฏๅฃใ‚’้–‹ใใจใ™ใใซๅฝผๅฅณใŒ็งใ‚’ใ•ใˆใŽใฃใŸใ€‚
I had hardly opened my mouth, when she interrupted me.
ใ‹ใ„ใ—
๏ฝžใ™ใ‚‹ Verb
Noun
Intransitive
Transitive
Freq #1586
1

start; commencement; beginning; initiation

Examples
ไฝ•ๆ™‚ใซๆญไน—้–‹ๅง‹ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
What time does boarding begin?
็ฉบใ
ๆ˜Žใ
ใ‚ใ
Godan verb
Freq #2012
1

Intransitive verb; Esp. ้–‹ใ

to open (e.g. doors)

Examples
ใใ„ใจๆŠผใ™ใจใƒ‰ใ‚ขใฏ้–‹ใ„ใŸใ€‚
The door yielded to a strong push.
2

Intransitive verb; Esp. ้–‹ใ

to open (e.g. business, etc.)

3

Intransitive verb; Esp. ็ฉบใ

to be empty

Examples
๏ผ‘ๅกใŒใ‚ใ„ใฆใ„ใŸใฎใงๆ‰“่€…ใ‚’ๆญฉใ‹ใ›ใŸใ€‚
With first base open, he walked the batter.
4

Intransitive verb; Esp. ็ฉบใ

to be vacant; to be available; to be free

Examples
ๆ”พ่ชฒๅพŒใฏ็ฉบใ„ใฆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
Are you free after school?
5

Intransitive verb; Esp. ๆ˜Žใ

to be open (e.g. neckline, etc.)

6

Intransitive verb; Esp. ๆ˜Žใ

to have been opened (of one's eyes, mouth, etc.)

7

Intransitive verb; Esp. ๆ˜Žใ

to come to an end

8

Transitive verb; Esp. ๆ˜Žใ

to open (one's eyes, mouth, etc.)

9

Intransitive verb

to have a hole; to form a gap; to have an interval (between events)

Examples
ใใฎ็šฎ่ฃฝใฎไธŠ็€ใฎไธก่‚˜้ƒจๅˆ†ใŒๆ“ฆใ‚Šๆธ›ใฃใฆ็ฉดใŒ็ฉบใ„ใŸใ€‚
The leather jacket has worn out at the elbows.
ใ‹ใ„ใฏใค
ใ‹ใ„ใปใค
๏ฝžใ™ใ‚‹ Verb
Noun
Transitive
Freq #2550
1

development; exploitation (of resources)

Examples
ใ‚จใƒณใƒ‰ใƒฆใƒผใ‚ถใƒผใฎ่ฆ–้‡ŽใซใŸใฃใŸๅ•†ๅ“้–‹็™บใŒๅฟ…้ ˆใ€‚
Our new product development efforts must be done from the end user's viewpoint.
ใ•ใ„ใ‹ใ„
๏ฝžใ™ใ‚‹ Verb
Noun
Intransitive
Transitive
Freq #2714
1

reopening; resumption; restarting

Examples
ไผš่ญฐใ‚’ใŠ่Œถไผ‘ๆ†ฉใฎๅพŒๅ†้–‹ใ™ใ‚‹ไบˆๅฎšใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
We'll resume the meeting after tea.
ใฟใฒใ‚‰ใ
็ž ใ
Godan verb
Transitive
Freq #3054
1

to open (one's eyes) wide

Examples
ใใฎๅฐใ•ใ„็”ทใฎๅญใฏ็›ฎใ‚’ๅคงใใ่ฆ‹้–‹ใ„ใฆๅทจๅคงใช่ฑกใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ€‚
The little boy gazed at the huge elephant, eyes wide open.
๐ŸŽ“

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