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ๆ•ท
ๆ•ท
15 strokes
Frequency: 1212
JLPT N1
Grade 8

Meanings

spread
pave
sit
promulgate

Readings

On โ€” Chinese-derived reading, usually for compounds
ใƒ•
Kun โ€” Native Japanese reading, usually for standalone words
ใ—.ใ
-ใ—.ใ
Nanori โ€” Specialized readings used in names
ใ—ใ
ใซใ‚…ใ†

Common Words

ใ‚€ใšใ‹ใ—ใ„
ใ‚€ใคใ‹ใ—ใ„
๏ฝžใ„ Adj.
Freq #680
1

difficult; hard; troublesome; complicated; serious (disease, problem, etc.)

Examples
็งใฏๅฝผๅฅณใซ้›ฃใ—ใ„่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ€‚
I asked her a difficult question.
2

Euphemistic; Softer than ็„ก็†

impossible; unfeasible

3

fussy; particular; fastidious; hard to please; displeased

Examples
ใ‚ใฎ่€ไบบใฏ้ฃŸใน็‰ฉใซ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ€‚
That old man is a fussy eater.
4

gloomy; glum; sullen; serious (look)

5

Archaic

dirty; unclean; filthy; detestable

6

Archaic

unpleasant; uncomfortable; creepy; spooky

ๅฎœใ—ใ
ใ€Š ๅฎœๆ•ทใ ใ€‹
Expression
Adverb
Usually kana
Freq #925
1

well; properly; suitably

2

best regards; please remember me; please treat me favorably (favourably); please take care of; please do

Examples
ใ”ๅฎถๆ—ใฎ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใซใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใใ€‚
Give my love to your family.
3

As ...ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใ

just like ...; as though one were ...

4

As ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใโ€ฆในใ—

by all means; of course

ใ—ใ
Godan verb
Freq #2880
1

Transitive verb

to spread out (e.g. a futon); to lay out

Examples
็งใฏใ€ใƒใƒผใƒใซๆ•ทใๆœจ่ฃฝใฎใƒ‡ใƒƒใ‚ญใƒ‘ใƒใƒซใ‚’่ณผๅ…ฅใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
I would like to purchase a wooden deck panel that can be laid on the porch.
2

Transitive verb; Sometimes written as ่—‰ใ

to lay down (e.g. a cushion)

3

Transitive verb; Sometimes written as ๅธƒใ

to impose widely (e.g. martial law); to promulgate

4

Transitive verb

to pin down; to hold down

Examples
็ฆ้…’ๆณ•ใฎใ—ใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใŸๆ™‚ไปฃใซใ€้…’้กžๅฏ†่ผธๅ…ฅใฎๆ‚ชใฉใ„ๅ•†ๅฃฒใ‚’่…•ใšใใง่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎๆ”ฏ้…ไธ‹ใซใŠใใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใฆใๅฑ‹ใŸใกใฏใ€ใŠใŸใŒใ„ใซๆฎบใ—ใ‚ใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ€‚
During prohibition days, racketeers used to rub each other out to get control of the rum-running racket.
5

Transitive verb; Sometimes written as ๅธƒใ

to lay (e.g. railway tracks)

6

Transitive verb; Sometimes written as ๅธƒใ

to deploy (e.g. troops)

7

Formal or literary term; Intransitive verb

to spread (e.g. snow); to be propagated

้‚ธ
ใ‚„ใ—ใ
Noun
Freq #3020
1

residence; estate; grounds; premises; mansion

Examples
ๅฝผใฏใ„ใชใ‹ใฎๅฑ‹ๆ•ทใซไฝใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
He lives on his country estate.
ใ—ใใก
Noun
Freq #4562
1

site; plot; lot; grounds

Examples
ใใฎๆ•ทๅœฐใฏ่ปไบ‹ไธŠใฎ็›ฎ็š„ใงๅˆฉ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
The site is used for military purposes.
ใ–ใ—ใ
ๅๆ•ท
Noun
Freq #11227
1

tatami room; tatami mat room; formal Japanese room

2

dinner party in a tatami room (esp. when a geisha or maiko attends)

ใ—ใใคใ‚ใ‚‹
Transitive
Ichidan verb
Freq #13232
1

to cover a surface; to spread all over; to blanket; to lay

Examples
ๅœฐ้ขใฏไธ€้ขใซ่ฝใก่‘‰ใŒๆ•ทใ่ฉฐใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใ ใฃใŸใ€‚
The ground was blanketed with fallen leaves.
ใŠใฐใ‘ใ‚„ใ—ใ
Noun
Freq #18511
1

haunted house; spook house

Examples
ใŠๅŒ–ใ‘ๅฑ‹ๆ•ทใซ่กŒใใฎใ€‚ๅคœๅฏใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใใชใฃใกใ‚ƒใ†ใ‚ˆใ€‚
The haunted house? I won't be able to sleep at night.
2

haunted house (attraction); haunted attraction

ไธ‹ๆ•ทใซใชใ‚‹
ใ—ใŸใ˜ใใซใชใ‚‹
Expression
Godan verb
Freq #19053
1

to be squashed by; to be pinned under

Examples
ๅฝผใฏๅ€’ใ‚ŒใŸๆœจใฎไธ‹ๆ•ทใใซใชใฃใฆใ†ใ”ใ‘ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
He was pinned down by a fallen tree.
้–พ
ใ—ใใ„
ใ—ใใฟ (้–พ)
ใ—ใ (้–พ)
Noun
Freq #19720
1

Architecture

threshold (esp. one with grooves for sliding doors); sill

Examples
ใ‚‚ใ†ไบŒๅบฆใจใ“ใฎๅฎถใฎๆ•ทๅฑ…ใฏใพใŸใŒใชใ„ใ€‚
I'll never set foot in this house again.
๐ŸŽ“

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