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ๆ”น
ๆ”น
7 strokes
Frequency: 147
JLPT N2
Grade 4

Meanings

reformation
change
modify
mend
renew
examine
inspect
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Readings

On โ€” Chinese-derived reading, usually for compounds
ใ‚ซใ‚ค
Kun โ€” Native Japanese reading, usually for standalone words
ใ‚ใ‚‰ใŸ.ใ‚ใ‚‹
ใ‚ใ‚‰ใŸ.ใพใ‚‹

Common Words

ใ‚ใ‚‰ใŸใ‚ใฆ
Adverb
Freq #1050
1

another time; again; over again; once again; anew

Examples
ๆ”นใ‚ใฆ่จ€ใ†ไบ‹ใฏใชใ„ใ€‚
I have nothing particular to say.
2

formally; especially; intentionally; deliberately

ๆคœใ‚ใ‚‹
้ฉใ‚ใ‚‹
ใ‚ใ‚‰ใŸใ‚ใ‚‹
Transitive
Ichidan verb
Freq #2938
1

ๆ”นใ‚ใ‚‹๏ผ้ฉใ‚ใ‚‹ only

to change; to alter; to revise; to replace

Examples
ใฉใ†ใ—ใฆ่€ƒใˆใ‚’ๆ”นใ‚ใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
What made you change your mind?
2

ๆ”นใ‚ใ‚‹๏ผ้ฉใ‚ใ‚‹ only

to reform; to correct; to mend; to improve

3

ๆ”นใ‚ใ‚‹๏ผๆคœใ‚ใ‚‹ only

to examine; to check; to inspect

4

ๆ”นใ‚ใ‚‹๏ผ้ฉใ‚ใ‚‹ only

to do properly; to do formally

ใ‹ใ„ใœใ‚“
Noun
Freq #5462
1

Noun or participle which takes the aux. verb suru; Transitive verb; Intransitive verb

betterment; improvement

Examples
๏ผ’ๅ›ฝ้–“ใฎ่ฒฟๆ˜“ไธŠใฎใ‚ขใƒณใƒใƒฉใƒณใ‚นใ‚’ๆ”นๅ–„ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
The trade imbalance between two nations should be improved.
2

Word usually written using kana alone; Oft. written ใ‚ซใ‚คใ‚ผใƒณ

kaizen (Japanese business philosophy of continuous improvement)

ใ‹ใ„ใžใ†
๏ฝžใ™ใ‚‹ Verb
Noun
Transitive
Freq #6024
1

remodeling; remodelling; reconstruction; conversion; alteration; renovation; modification; reshuffling (e.g. a cabinet); reorganization; restructuring

Examples
ๅœฐไธ‹ๅฎคใ‚’ไป•ไบ‹ๅ ดใซๆ”น้€ ใ—ใŸใ€‚
The basement has been made over into a workshop.
2

Computing

modding

ใ‹ใ„ใ‚Šใ‚‡ใ†
๏ฝžใ™ใ‚‹ Verb
Noun
Transitive
Freq #7650
1

improvement; reform

Examples
ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ”ใƒฅใƒผใ‚ฟใƒผใฏใŸใˆใšๆ”น่‰ฏใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
Computers are constantly being improved.
้ฉใพใ‚‹
ใ‚ใ‚‰ใŸใพใ‚‹
Godan verb
Intransitive
Freq #7924
1

to be renewed; to change

Examples
้•ทๅนดใฎ็ฟ’ๆ…ฃใฏใชใ‹ใชใ‹ๆ”นใพใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
Old habits die hard.
2

to be improved; to be reformed; to be revised; to be corrected

3

to stand on ceremony; to be formal

4

Esp. ้ฉใพใ‚‹

to take a turn for the worse (of an illness); to take a serious turn

ใ‹ใ„ใ‹ใ
๏ฝžใ™ใ‚‹ Verb
Noun
Transitive
Freq #8034
1

reform; reformation; reorganization

Examples
ใ€Œๅ†ฌใฎๆ™‚ไปฃใ€ใŒๅคงๅญฆๆ”น้ฉใฎ่ตท็ˆ†ๅ‰คใจใชใฃใฆใใ‚Œใ‚Œใฐใจๆ€ใ†ใ€‚
So-called "winter time" is expected to enhance the college reform.
ใ‹ใ„ใธใ‚“
๏ฝžใ™ใ‚‹ Verb
Noun
Transitive
Freq #13276
1

change; alteration; modification

ใ‹ใ„ใ•ใค
Noun
Freq #15821
1

Noun or participle which takes the aux. verb suru; Intransitive verb

examination of tickets

Examples
ๆœ€่ฟ‘้ง…ใฎๆ”นๆœญใ‚ใŸใ‚Šใงใ€ๅนณๆฐ—ใงใ‚คใƒใƒฃใ‚คใƒใƒฃใ—ใฆใ‚‹่‹ฅใ„ๅฅด็ญ‰ๅคšใใชใฃใŸใ‚ˆใชใ‚ใ€‚
Lately you see more young couples making out at the train station ticket gates acting as though nobody in the world existed.
2

Abbreviation

ticket gate; ticket barrier

ใ‹ใ„ใใ†
๏ฝžใ™ใ‚‹ Verb
Noun
Transitive
๏ฝžใฎ Adj.
Freq #16921
1

remodelling; remodeling; reorganization; reorganisation

Examples
ๅฎถใ‚’ๆ”น่ฃ…ใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใ„ใŸใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
I want you to refurbish the house.
๐ŸŽ“

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