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ๅง‹
ๅง‹
8 strokes
Frequency: 244
JLPT N3
Grade 3

Meanings

commence
begin

Readings

On โ€” Chinese-derived reading, usually for compounds
ใ‚ท
Kun โ€” Native Japanese reading, usually for standalone words
ใฏใ˜.ใ‚ใ‚‹
-ใฏใ˜.ใ‚ใ‚‹
ใฏใ˜.ใพใ‚‹
Nanori โ€” Specialized readings used in names
ใ‚‚ใจ

Common Words

ใฏใ˜ใ‚ใ‚‹
ๅ‰ตใ‚ใ‚‹
Ichidan verb
Freq #217
1

ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ only; Transitive verb

to start; to begin; to commence; to initiate; to originate

Examples
ใ„ใคใ‚ดใƒซใƒ•ใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
When did you begin playing golf?
2

Transitive verb

to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to establish

Examples
็งใŸใกใฏๅง‰ๅฆน๏ผ“ไบบใงๅ–ซ่Œถๅบ—ใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใ€‚
We three sisters opened a coffee shop.
3

ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ only; Auxiliary verb; After the -masu stem of a verb

to start ...; to begin to ...

Examples
้ฃฒใฟ้ŽใŽใฆ้ƒจๅฑ‹ใŒๅ›žใ‚Šๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใ€‚
The room started to spin after I drank too much.
ๅง‹ใ‚ใฆ
ใฏใ˜ใ‚ใฆ
็”ซใ‚ใฆ
Freq #262
1

Adverb (fukushi); Nouns which may take the genitive case particle 'no'

for the first time

Examples
๏ผ‘๏ผ–ๆญณใฎๆ™‚ใ€ๅˆใ‚ใฆใƒ†ใƒ‹ใ‚นใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ€‚
When I was sixteen, I played tennis for the first time.
2

Adverb (fukushi); After the -te form of a verb

only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; not until ... do you ...

Examples
ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆŠ—่ญฐใ‚’้€šใ—ใฆๅˆใ‚ใฆ่‡ช็”ฑใง้–‹ใ‹ใ‚ŒใŸ็คพไผšใŒ็ถญๆŒใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
Only through protest can a free and open society be maintained.
3

Colloquial; Common noun

first time; (one's) first

ใฏใ˜ใพใ‚‹
Godan verb
Intransitive
Freq #396
1

to begin; to start; to commence

Examples
ใใฎ่ฉฆๅˆใฏไฝ•ๆ™‚ใซๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
What time does the game start?
2

to happen (again); to begin (anew)

3

to date (from); to originate (in)

ใ‹ใ„ใ—
๏ฝžใ™ใ‚‹ Verb
Noun
Intransitive
Transitive
Freq #1586
1

start; commencement; beginning; initiation

Examples
ไฝ•ๆ™‚ใซๆญไน—้–‹ๅง‹ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
What time does boarding begin?
ใ—ใพใค
ไป•ๆœซ
Noun
Freq #2617
1

Noun or participle which takes the aux. verb suru

management; dealing with; settlement; cleaning up; disposal

Examples
ๅฝผใฏๅˆๅพŒใ„ใฃใฑใ„ไฝฟใฃใฆๆ˜จๅนดใฎใปใ†ใ‚Œใ‚“่‰ใฎๆ นใ‚’ๅง‹ๆœซใ—ใŸใ€‚
He's spent all afternoon rooting up last year's spinach plants.
2

course of events; circumstances; particulars

3

end result (usu. bad); outcome

Examples
ไธ–็•Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใฏใ€้บป็–น่ผธๅ‡บๅ›ฝใ€‘ใจๅซŒๅ‘ณใจใ‚‚ๆœฌ้Ÿณใจใ‚‚ใจใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ„ใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅง‹ๆœซใ€‚
Ending up with being called a "measles exporting country" by the rest of the world, something that you could take as insult or truth.
4

Noun or participle which takes the aux. verb suru; Adjectival nouns or quasi-adjectives (keiyodoshi)

economizing; economising; frugality; being thrifty

ใฏใ˜ใพใ‚Š
ๅˆใพใ‚Š
Noun
Freq #2814
1

origin; beginning; start

Examples
ๅง‹ใพใ‚ŠใŒใ†ใพใ‘ใ‚ŒใฐๅŠใฐใ†ใพใใ„ใฃใŸใ‚‚ใŠใชใ˜ใ€‚
Well begun is half done.
ๅˆใ‚
ใฏใ˜ใ‚
Noun
Freq #2988
1

Adverb (fukushi)

beginning; start; outset; opening

Examples
ๆ—…่กŒใฎๅˆใ‚ใฎไบŒๆ—ฅ้–“ใฏ้›จ้™ใ‚Šใ ใฃใŸใ€‚
The first two days of my trip were rainy.
ไผšใ†ใฏๅˆฅใ‚Œใฎๅง‹ใ‚ใ€‚
To meet is to part.
2

Esp. ๅˆใ‚

first (in line, etc.)

3

Esp. ๅง‹ใ‚

origin

4

Word usually written using kana alone; Esp. ๅง‹ใ‚; as ใ€œใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚, ใ€œใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใจใ—ใฆ, etc.

such as ...; not to mention ...

Examples
ใ“ใฎ่ชžๅญฆใ‚ปใƒณใ‚ฟใƒผใงใฏใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ใฏใ˜ใ‚ไธ–็•Œ๏ผ‘๏ผ•ใ‹ๅ›ฝใฎๅค–ๅ›ฝ่ชžใŒๅญฆในใ‚‹ใ€‚
At this language centre, about 15 international languages are taught, including English.
ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰
ใฏใ˜ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰
Expression
Freq #5558
1

from the beginning

Examples
ๅฝผใฎ่กŒ็‚บใฏๅง‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใงๆญฃใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
His action throughout was correct.
ๅˆใ‚ใพใ—ใฆ
ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใฆ
Expression
Polite
Usually kana
Freq #5690
1

nice to meet you; I'm glad to make your acquaintance; how do you do?

Examples
ใ€Œใฏใ˜ใ‚ใพใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ธใ‚งใ‚คใƒ ใ‚บใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใ€Œใ“ใกใ‚‰ใ“ใใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซใŠไผšใ„ใงใใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใชใซๅฌ‰ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€
"Pleased to meet you, Mr. James." "The pleasure is all mine. It's an honor to make your acquaintance."
ใฏใชใ—ใฏใ˜ใ‚ใ‚‹
Ichidan verb
Freq #6731
1

to begin to speak

Examples
่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใŒๅคšใ™ใŽใฆใ€ใฉใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰่ฉฑใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ„ใ„ใ‹ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
There are so many things to tell you that I don't know where to start.
๐ŸŽ“

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