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ๅ ช
ๅ ช
12 strokes
Frequency: 1953
JLPT N1
Grade 8

Meanings

withstand
endure
support
resist

Readings

On โ€” Chinese-derived reading, usually for compounds
ใ‚ซใƒณ
ใ‚ฟใƒณ
Kun โ€” Native Japanese reading, usually for standalone words
ใŸ.ใˆใ‚‹
ใŸใพ.ใ‚‹
ใ“ใ‚‰.ใˆใ‚‹
ใ“ใŸ.ใˆใ‚‹

Common Words

ๅ ชใˆใ‚‹
ใŸใˆใ‚‹
Intransitive
Ichidan verb
Freq #1013
1

Transitive verb

to bear; to stand; to endure; to put up with

Examples
ใ‚ใฎ้จ’้Ÿณใซใฏ่€ใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ‚ˆใ€‚
I can not stand that noise.
2

to support; to withstand; to resist; to brave

Examples
ใ“ใฎๅฎถใฏๅœฐ้œ‡ใซ่€ใˆใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
Does this house withstand earthquakes?
3

to be fit for; to be equal to

ๅ ชใ‚‹
ๅ ชใพใ‚‹
Godan verb
Intransitive
Usually kana
Freq #1816
1

Often adds emphasis

to bear; to endure

Examples
ใใ‚“ใชใ“ใจใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใงใŸใพใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€‚
I'll be damned if it's true.
ๅ ชใˆใ‚‹
ใ“ใŸใˆใ‚‹ (ๅ ชใˆใ‚‹)
ๆ€บใˆใ‚‹
Transitive
Usually kana
Ichidan verb
Freq #3650
1

to bear; to stand; to endure; to put up with

2

to restrain; to control; to keep a check on

3

to forgive; to put up with; to pardon

ใŸใ‚“ใฎใ†
Noun
Freq #5841
1

Adjectival nouns or quasi-adjectives (keiyodoshi)

proficient; skilled; skillful; good; accomplished

Examples
ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใ‚น่ชžใŒๅ ช่ƒฝใ ใ€‚
She is proficient in French.
2

Noun or participle which takes the aux. verb suru; Transitive verb; Intransitive verb

enjoying to the full; full satisfaction; being satiated (with); having one's fill (of)

Examples
ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒณใƒปใƒ‰ใƒผใ‚ฒใƒณใฎๅฑ•่ฆงไผšใ‚’ๅๅˆ†ๅ ช่ƒฝใ—ใฆใใŸใ‚ˆใ€‚
I thoroughly enjoyed myself at the Van Dorgen Exhibition.
ๅฑ…ใŸใŸใพใ‚Œใชใ„
ๅฑ…ใŸๅ ชใ‚Œใชใ„
Expression
๏ฝžใ„ Adj.
Usually kana
Freq #12685
1

unable to stay (on); unable to endure being somewhere a second longer; feel like running away

ๆŒใกๅ ชใˆใ‚‹
ๆŒๅ ชใˆใ‚‹
ใ‚‚ใกใ“ใŸใˆใ‚‹
Transitive
Ichidan verb
Freq #14379
1

to hold out (e.g. against an attack); to hang on; to withstand; to endure; to last

Examples
ใใฎ็—…ไบบใŒใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ๆŒใกใ“ใŸใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏใ€่ชฐใซใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
Nobody knows how long the sick man can hold on.
่€ใˆใŒใŸใ„
ๅ ชใˆ้›ฃใ„
ๅ ชใˆใŒใŸใ„
่€้›ฃใ„
ใŸใˆใŒใŸใ„
๏ฝžใ„ Adj.
Freq #18023
1

unbearable; intolerable; unendurable

Examples
ไธญใซใฏ่€ใˆ้›ฃใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
Some of them are too much to bear.
ใ‹ใ‚“ใซใ‚“
๏ฝžใ™ใ‚‹ Verb
Noun
Intransitive
Transitive
Freq #21709
1

patience; forbearance; endurance; tolerance

2

forgiveness; pardon

ๅ ชใˆๅฟใถ
ใŸใˆใ—ใฎใถ
Godan verb
Transitive
Freq #29576
1

to put up with; to endure; to bear patiently

Examples
ๅฝผ็ญ‰ใฏๅคšใใฎ่‹ฆ้›ฃใ‚’ใŸใˆใ—ใฎใ‚“ใ ใ€‚
They endured many difficulties.
ๅ ชใ‚Šๅ…ผใญใ‚‹
ๅ ชใ‚Šใ‹ใญใ‚‹
Intransitive
Usually kana
Ichidan verb
Freq #30882
1

to be unable to bear (something) any longer; to be unable to put up with

๐ŸŽ“

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