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ๅ
ๅ
4 strokes
Frequency: 191
JLPT N2
Grade 3

Meanings

anti-

Readings

On โ€” Chinese-derived reading, usually for compounds
ใƒใƒณ
ใƒ›ใƒณ
ใ‚ฟใƒณ
ใƒ›
Kun โ€” Native Japanese reading, usually for standalone words
ใ.ใ‚‹
ใ.ใ‚‰ใ™
ใ‹ใˆ.ใ™
ใ‹ใˆ.ใ‚‹
-ใ‹ใˆ.ใ‚‹
Nanori โ€” Specialized readings used in names
ใใ‚Š
ใŸ

Common Words

ๅใ™
ใ‹ใˆใ™
Godan verb
Freq #562
1

Transitive verb; Esp. ่ฟ”ใ™

to return (something); to restore; to put back

Examples
ใŠ้‡‘ใฏๆ˜Žๆ—ฅ่ฟ”ใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚
I'll give you back the money tomorrow.
2

Transitive verb

to turn over; to turn upside down; to overturn

3

Transitive verb; Esp. ่ฟ”ใ™

to pay back; to retaliate; to reciprocate

Examples
ใŠๅ‰ใฏๆฉใ‚’ไป‡ใง่ฟ”ใ—ใŸใชใ€‚
You bit the hand that fed you.
4

Transitive verb

to respond (with); to retort; to reply; to say back

5

Auxiliary verb; After the -masu stem of a verb

to do ... back (e.g. speak back, throw back)

6

Auxiliary verb; After the -masu stem of a verb

to do again; to do repeatedly

ใฏใ‚“ใฎใ†
ใฏใ‚“ใŠใ†
๏ฝžใ™ใ‚‹ Verb
Noun
Intransitive
Freq #639
1

reaction; response

Examples
ๅฝผใฏใใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใซใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๅๅฟœใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚
How did he respond to the news?
2

physical reaction (to a stimulus); observable response (of an organism)

Examples
ใƒ„ใƒ™ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒณๅๅฟœใฏ็–‘้™ฝๆ€งใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
The tuberculin reaction was pseudopositive.
3

Chemistry

reaction; effect; change

Examples
๏ผ•๏ผŽๅๅฟœใŒ็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๆฟกใ‚Œ้›‘ๅทพใฎไธŠใซ่ฉฆ้จ“็ฎกใ‚’ใŠใใ€‚
5. When the reaction is over, place the test-tube on a damp cloth.
ใฏใ‚“ใŸใ„
Noun
๏ฝžใฎ Adj.
Freq #1228
1

Noun or participle which takes the aux. verb suru; Intransitive verb; Adjectival nouns or quasi-adjectives (keiyodoshi)

opposition; resistance; antagonism; hostility; objection; dissent

Examples
็งใฏใ€ใใฎ่ซ‹ๆฑ‚ๆ›ธใ‚’ๆ‰•ใ†ไบ‹ใซๅๅฏพใ—ใŸใ€‚
I objected to paying the bill.
2

reverse; opposite; inverse; contrary

ๅใ‚‹
ใ‹ใˆใ‚‹
Godan verb
Freq #2228
1

Intransitive verb; Esp. ่ฟ”ใ‚‹

to return; to come back; to go back

Examples
ใฎใ‚ใ„ใฏใฎใ‚ใ„ไธปใซ่ฟ”ใ‚‹ใ€‚
Curses, like chickens, come home to roost.
2

Intransitive verb

to turn over

3

Suffix; After the -masu stem of a verb; esp. ่ฟ”ใ‚‹

to become extremely; to become completely

ใฏใ‚“ใ›ใ„
๏ฝžใ™ใ‚‹ Verb
Noun
Transitive
Freq #2330
1

reflection; reconsideration; introspection; meditation; contemplation

Examples
ๅฝผใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†่‡ช่บซใฎ่€ƒใˆใ‚’ๅ็œใ—ใŸใ€‚
He reflected on his own thoughts.
2

regret; repentance; remorse; being sorry

Examples
ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ้‡ๅคงใช้Žใกใ‚’ๅพŒๆ‚”ใ—ใŸใ€ๅ็œใ—ใŸใ€‚
She showed her regret over the serious mistake.
ๅดใฃใฆ
ๅใฃใฆ
Adverb
Usually kana
Freq #2867
1

on the contrary; rather; instead; all the more

Examples
้ซ˜ๆœ›ใฟใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ‹ใˆใฃใฆๆใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
You may go farther and fare worse.
ใฏใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚“
๏ฝžใ™ใ‚‹ Verb
Noun
Intransitive
Transitive
Freq #3360
1

objection; refutation; rebuttal; counterargument

Examples
ๅฝผใซใฏๅฝผๅฅณใซๅ่ซ–ใ™ใ‚‹็ซ‹ๆดพใช่จ€ใ„ๅˆ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
He has a good case against her.
ใฏใ‚“ใ’ใ
๏ฝžใ™ใ‚‹ Verb
Noun
Intransitive
Freq #3949
1

counterattack; counteroffensive; counterblow

Examples
ใใฎใ‚ฏใƒขใฏ็ด ๆ—ฉใ„ๅๆ’ƒใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
The spider responds with a swift attack.
ใฏใ‚“ใ—ใ‚ƒใฆใ
๏ฝžใช Adj.
Freq #4053
1

reflexive; reflecting

ใฏใ‚“ใŸใ„ใŒใ‚
Noun
Freq #4361
1

opposite side; opposition

Examples
ๅฝผๅฅณใฏ๏ผ“๏ผๅˆ†ใงๅๅฏพๅดใซใคใ„ใŸใ€‚
She was across in thirty minutes.
๐ŸŽ“

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