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ๅ‡
ๅ‡
16 strokes
Frequency: 1712
JLPT N1
Grade 8

Meanings

congeal
freeze
stiff
be absorbed in

Readings

On โ€” Chinese-derived reading, usually for compounds
ใ‚ฎใƒงใ‚ฆ
Kun โ€” Native Japanese reading, usually for standalone words
ใ“.ใ‚‹
ใ“.ใ‚‰ใ™
ใ“ใ”.ใ‚‰ใ™
ใ“ใ”.ใ‚‰ใ›ใ‚‹
ใ“ใ”.ใ‚‹

Common Words

ใฟใคใ‚ใ‚‹
่ฆ‹่ฉฐใ‚ใ‚‹
Transitive
Ichidan verb
Freq #1304
1

to stare (at); to gaze (at); to look hard (at); to watch intently; to fix one's eyes (on)

Examples
ใ„ใ„ๅŠ ๆธ›ใซ็พๅฎŸใ‚’ใฟใคใ‚ใ‚ใ€‚
Open your eyes to reality.
ใ˜ใƒผใฃใจ
ใ˜ใƒผใจ
ใ˜ใ„ใฃใจ
ๅ‡ไนŽใจ
Adverb
๏ฝžใ™ใ‚‹ Verb
Usually kana
Freq #1412
1

Onomatopoeic or mimetic word; ใ˜ใƒผใฃใจ is more emphatic

motionlessly (e.g. stand, wait); (be) still

Examples
ใ“ใ†ใ—ใŸ็†Š็‹ฌ็‰นใฎ็‰นๅพดใŒใ€็†ŠใŒๅ‹•ใ‹ใšใซ็‹ฉ็ŒŸใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ๏ผˆใ‚ขใ‚ถใƒฉใ‚ทใฎๅ‘ผๅธๅญ”ใฎ่„‡ใงใ˜ใฃใจๅ‹•ใ‹ใšใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ถใƒฉใ‚ทใŒๆตท้ขใซไธŠใŒใฃใฆใใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๅพ…ใค๏ผ‰ใ‚’ๅฅฝใ‚€่ชฌๆ˜Žใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
These special characteristics explain its preference for still-hunting (lying motionless beside a seal's breathing hole, waiting for one to surface).
2

fixedly (e.g. gaze, stare); intently (e.g. listen, think)

Examples
ไบบใ‚’ใ˜ใฃใจ่ฆ‹ใคใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใฏ็„ก็คผใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€‚
It's impolite to stare at people.
3

patiently (endure); stoically

Examples
ใ•ใ‚่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚ˆใ€ใ˜ใฃใจ่žใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€‚
Tell me. I'm all ears.
4

firmly (e.g. hold); restrained

Examples
็ง้”ใฏใ˜ใฃใจๆŠผใ—้ป™ใฃใฆใŠใฏใ—ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆ้ฃŸไบ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ€‚
We ate with chopsticks in restrained silence.
ใŽใ‚‡ใ†ใ—
๏ฝžใ™ใ‚‹ Verb
Noun
Transitive
Freq #4481
1

stare; gaze; fixation

Examples
ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๅคงๅ‹ขใฎๅฐ‘ๅนดใŸใกใซๅ‡่ฆ–ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ๆ„่ญ˜ใ—ใฆใ„ใŸใจๆ€ใ†ใ€‚
I think she was conscious of being stared at by many boys.
ใ“ใ‚‹
Godan verb
Intransitive
Freq #7249
1

to become stiff (of muscles)

2

to get absorbed in; to develop a passion for; to devote oneself to; to become obsessed with; to get hooked on

Examples
ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใฏใฉใ‚“ใช็‰ฉใซๅ‡ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎ๏ผŸ
What are you into these days?
3

to be elaborate; to be intricate; to be exquisite; to be particular about; to pay great attention to

Examples
ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆœใซๅ‡ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
She is particular about her dress.
ใ€Š ๆททๅ‡ๅœŸ ใ€‹
Noun
Usually kana
Freq #8560
1

concrete

Examples
ใใฎๅทฅๅ ดใฏใ‚ณใƒณใ‚ฏใƒชใƒผใƒˆใงๅปบ้€ ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ€‚
The factory was constructed out of concrete.
็›ฎใ‚’ใ“ใ‚‰ใ™
ใ‚ใ‚’ใ“ใ‚‰ใ™
Expression
Godan verb
Freq #8815
1

to strain one's eyes; to look closely; to stare at

ใ“ใฃใŸ
Freq #9884
1

Noun or verb acting prenominally

elaborate; exquisite; ornate; refined; sophisticated

Examples
ๅ‡ใฃใŸๅฝซๅˆปใฎใ—ใฆใ‚ใ‚‹้ž˜ใซๅŽใพใฃใŸ้•ทๅ‰ฃใ€‚
A longsword sheathed in an intricately engraved scabbard.
ใŽใ‚‡ใ†ใ—ใ‚…ใ
๏ฝžใ™ใ‚‹ Verb
Noun
Intransitive
Transitive
Freq #13712
1

condensation (of ideas, emotions, etc.); concentration

2

Physics

condensation (of a vapour or gas)

ใ“ใ‚‰ใ™
Godan verb
Transitive
Freq #19211
1

to concentrate; to focus on; to devote; to apply oneself

Examples
ใใฎใ‚ญใƒซใƒˆใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใ‚ˆใๆŠ€ๅทงใŒๅ‡ใ‚‰ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใฆใ„ใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใญใ€‚
That quilt is really quite a piece of work with all its fine craftsmanship.
ใใฎ้ƒจๅฑ‹ใฏ่ฃ…้ฃพใ‚’ๅ‡ใ‚‰ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
The room is richly ornamented.
2

to stiffen; to become tense

ใ“ใ‚Šใ‹ใŸใพใ‚‹
Godan verb
Intransitive
Freq #23337
1

to coagulate; to congeal; to harden; to curdle; to clot

2

to be fanatical (about); to be obsessed (with); to be fixated (on); to be bigoted (about)

3

to stiffen; to become stiff

๐ŸŽ“

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