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ๅ…ˆ
ๅ…ˆ
6 strokes
Frequency: 173
JLPT N4
Grade 1

Meanings

before
ahead
previous
future
precedence

Readings

On โ€” Chinese-derived reading, usually for compounds
ใ‚ปใƒณ
Kun โ€” Native Japanese reading, usually for standalone words
ใ•ใ
ใพ.ใš
Nanori โ€” Specialized readings used in names
ใฝใ‚“

Common Words

ๅ‰
ใ•ใ
ๅ…ˆใ
Noun
Freq #328
1

point; tip; end; nozzle

Examples
้‰›็ญ†ใฎๅ…ˆใŒไธธใใชใฃใŸใ€‚
The point of the pencil has become dull.
2

head (of a line); front

3

first; before; ahead (of)

Examples
ไบŒไบบใฎ็”ทใฎใ†ใกใ€่ƒŒใฎ้ซ˜ใ„ๆ–นใŒๅ…ˆใซๅ‡บใฆใ„ใฃใŸใ€‚
The taller of the two men went out first.
4

(the way) ahead; beyond

Examples
ใ“ใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ…ˆใซใฏ่กŒใ‘ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
You cannot go any farther.
5

Nouns which may take the genitive case particle 'no'

future

Examples
ๅ…ˆใฎไบ‹ใชใฉ่ชฐใซใ‚‚ไบˆๆƒณใงใใชใ„ใ€‚
You never can tell what'll happen in the future.
6

Nouns which may take the genitive case particle 'no'

previous; prior; former; recent; last

7

Noun, used as a suffix

destination; address; place where you do something

Examples
ใงใ€้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใฆใฟใŸใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚“ใ ใ‘ใฉใ€ใใฎ้›ป่ฉฑๅ…ˆใฎ็›ธๆ‰‹ใฃใฆใฎใŒๅ•้กŒใ ใฃใŸใฎใ‚ˆใ€‚
And so it seems she tried phoning but it's who was on the other end of that phone that was the problem.
8

rest (e.g. of a story); continuation; remaining part

Examples
ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ…ˆใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’่žใใŸใ„ใ€‚
I'd like to know the rest of the story.
9

the other party

ใ•ใใซ
ๆ›ฉใซ
Adverb
Freq #331
1

previously; before; earlier; formerly; recently

2

first; before (something or someone else); ahead (of); earlier

Examples
็งใŒๅ…ˆใซใใ“ใธ็€ใใ‚ˆใ€‚
I'll get there before you will.
3

beforehand; in advance; ahead of time

Examples
ใใฎๆƒ…ๅ ฑใฏ็™บ่กจใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅ…ˆใซๆ–ฐ่žใซๆผใ‚ŒใŸใ€‚
The information was given away to the newspaper prior to the announcement.
ๅ…ˆใš
Adverb
Usually kana
Freq #394
1

first (of all); firstly; to begin with; before anything else

Examples
ใพใš็ฌฌไธ€ใซ็งใฏใ‚ธใƒ ใ‚’่จชใญใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
First of all, I have to call on Jim.
2

probably; most likely; almost certainly; virtually

Examples
ใ‚ใฎใƒใƒผใƒ ใฏใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใพใšๅ„ชๅ‹ใฎๆœ›ใฟใฏใชใ„ใ€‚
That team has little, if any, chance of winning.
3

more or less (satisfactory); on the whole; reasonably

4

anyway; at any rate; for now (at least); for the time being

ใ›ใ‚“ใ›ใ„
Noun
Freq #485
1

teacher; instructor; master

Examples
ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚ใ‚Œใฎๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใฏ็œŸใฎๆ„ๅ‘ณใง็ดณๅฃซใงใ™ใ€‚
Our teacher is a gentleman in the true sense of the word.
2

Honorific; Noun, used as a suffix

sensei; title or form of address for a teacher, master, doctor, lawyer, etc.

Examples
ใผใใฏใ‚ธใƒงใƒผใƒณใ‚บๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใซไฝœๆ–‡ใ‚’็›ดใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใ‚‰ใฃใŸใ€‚
I had my composition corrected by Mr Jones.
3

Familiar; Jocular, humorous term

intimate or teasing form of address

4

Archaic; Orig. meaning

one's elder

ๅ…ˆ
Adverb
Noun
Usually kana
Freq #500
1

a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago

Examples
ใ„ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ•ใฃใ็›—ใฃใŸใƒขใƒŽใ‚’ใ€ใ‚ซใƒใƒณใฎไธญใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ‡บใ—ใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚
Never mind that, just take out what you've just nicked from your bag.
ๅ…ˆใšใฏ
Adverb
Usually kana
Freq #799
1

More emphatic than ใพใš

first of all; to begin with; before anything else

Examples
ใพใšใฏๅ…ฌๅผใ‚’ๆš—่จ˜ใ—ใชใ•ใ„ใ€‚
First of all, learn the formula by heart.
2

probably; most likely; almost certainly; virtually

3

more or less (satisfactory); on the whole; reasonably

4

anyway; at any rate; for now (at least); for the time being

ใ›ใ‚“ใฑใ„
Noun
Freq #1312
1

senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer

Examples
็งใŸใกใฏๅฝผใ‚’ใ‚ˆใๅ…ˆ่ผฉใจใ—ใฆๅฐŠๆ•ฌใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
We respect him as a good senior.
ๅ…ˆ็จ‹
ใ•ใใปใฉ
Adverb
Noun
Freq #1469
1

a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago

Examples
ใคใ„ๅ…ˆใปใฉๅ›ใฎใŠ็ˆถใ•ใ‚“ใซไผšใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
I met your father just now.
ใ›ใ‚“ใ˜ใค
Adverb
Noun
Freq #1948
1

the other day; a few days ago

Examples
ๅ…ˆๆ—ฅๅฐๅญฆๆ กใฎใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นไผšใซๅ‡บๅธญใ—ใŸใ€‚
The other day I attended a class reunion of my elementary school.
ใ“ใฎใ•ใ
ๆญคใฎๅ…ˆ
Adverb
Noun
๏ฝžใฎ Adj.
Freq #2061
1

beyond this point; ahead

Examples
ใ“ใฎๅ…ˆใฎ้“ใฏๅ‡็ตใ—ใฆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ€‚
The road ahead is frozen.
2

from now on; after this; in the future

Examples
ใ“ใฎๅ…ˆไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ‹่ชฐใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
None of us knows what is in store for us.

Memory Mnemonics

Keywords

The core concepts or meanings associated with this specific kanji.

before

Constituents

The visual building blocks used to craft this character's story.

ๅ„ฟ human legs
็‰› cow

Mnemonic Stories

The farmerโ€™s day has a strict order. Before he can walk to the market on his own two human legs, he must first milk the cow.

Before the invention of the tractor, a farmerโ€™s two greatest assets were a strong cow for plowing and strong human legs for walking the fields.

Before you track mud into the house, stomp your human legs on the outside soil until the last drop of rain has been shaken from your boots.

๐ŸŽ“

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