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äčƒ
äčƒ
2 strokes
Frequency: 1978
JLPT N1
Grade 9

Meanings

from
possessive particle
whereupon
accordingly

Readings

On — Chinese-derived reading, usually for compounds
ăƒŠă‚€
ăƒ€ă‚€
ノ
ă‚ąă‚€
Kun — Native Japanese reading, usually for standalone words
た
すăȘわ.づ
ăȘんじ
Nanori — Specialized readings used in names
おさむ
お
ぼり

Common Words

すăȘわち
捳ち
扇ち
äčƒăĄ
Usually kana
Freq #3393
1

Conjunction

that is (to say); namely; i.e.

Examples
すăȘă‚ăĄćœŒăŻăă‚Œă‚’ă—ăŸăăȘいぼだ。
In other words, he doesn't want to do it.
2

Conjunction

precisely; exactly; just; nothing but; neither more nor less

3

Conjunction; As 〜ばすăȘわち...; indicates that what follows is a natural consequence

(and) then

た
Usually kana
Freq #13652
1

Particle; Orig. written äčƒ or äč‹

indicates possessive

Examples
ç§ăźă‚Šă‚§ăƒ–ăƒšăƒŒă‚žă«æ„ăŠç§ăźă“ăšă‚’ă‚‚ăŁăšçŸ„ăŁăŠăă ă•ă„ă€‚
Visit my webpage and find out more about me.
2

Particle

nominalizes verbs and adjectives

Examples
æ™‚ăŒç”Œă€ăźă«ă€ă‚ŒăŠă€ăƒ•ăƒƒăƒˆăƒœăƒŒăƒ«ăźè©Šćˆă‚’ă‚ˆă‚Šćź‰ć…šăȘç«¶æŠ€ă«ă™ă‚‹ăŸă‚ă«èŠć‰‡ăŒä»˜ă‘ćŠ ăˆă‚‰ă‚ŒăŠă„ăŁăŸăźă§ă™ă€‚
As time went on, rules were added to the game to make it safer.
3

Particle

substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases

Examples
äșșèż‘ăăźäșșăŒă„ăŸăŒă€ă»ăšă‚“ă©äŒšăŁăŸă“ăšăźăȘいäșșたちだった。
There were almost 100 people, few of whom I had seen before.
4

Particle; At sentence-end; falling tone

indicates a confident conclusion

5

Female; Particle; At sentence-end

indicates emotional emphasis

Examples
ă†ăĄăźçˆ¶ăŁăŸă‚‰ă€ć€œç§ă‚’äž€äșșで怖ぞć‡șしどくれăȘいぼ。
My father doesn't let me go out alone at night.
6

Particle; At sentence-end; rising tone

indicates question

Examples
あăȘăŸăŻă‚ąăƒ«ăƒă‚€ăƒˆă‚’ă—ăŠă„ă‚‹ăźă€‚
Do you have a part-time job?
ăƒŸă‚€ăƒ©
《 朚äčƒäŒŠ 》
Noun
Usually kana
Freq #16180
1

mummy

Examples
ç§ăŸăĄăŻćšç‰©é€šă§ăƒŸă‚€ăƒ©ă‚’èŠ‹ăŸă€‚
We saw a mummy at the museum.
ăȘいし
äčƒè‡ł
Usually kana
Freq #29361
1

Conjunction

from ... to; between ... and

Examples
挗ケメăƒȘă‚«ă§ăŻïŒ‘ă€ăźćź¶ă«ïŒ‘ă€ăȘă„ă—ïŒ’ă€ăźè»Šćș«ăŒă‚ă‚‹ăźăŻă‚ˆăă‚ă‚‹ă“ăšă ă€‚
It is quite common in North America for homes to have a one or two-car garage.
2

Conjunction

or

Examples
ăƒăƒ‰ăƒŸăƒłăƒˆăƒłéƒšăŻăŸăšă‚‚ăȘéƒšć“ĄăŒæ„”ç«Żă«ć°‘ăȘă„ăŸă‚ă€ă»ăšă‚“ă©ć»ƒéƒšăȘă„ă—äŒ‘éƒšçŠ¶æ…‹ă ăŁăŸă€‚
There were so few proper members in the badminton club that it was half-way between dead and 'on break'.
äčƒć…Ź
だいこう
《 おれ 》
Pronoun
Masculine
Freq #86928
1

Dated term; Rough or arrogant

I; me

ăƒŸă‚€ăƒ©ć–ă‚ŠăŒăƒŸă‚€ăƒ©ă«ăȘる
ăƒŸă‚€ăƒ©ăšă‚ŠăŒăƒŸă‚€ăƒ©ă«ăȘる
Expression
Freq #88022
1

Idiomatic expression

intending to persuade someone and instead being persuaded oneself; going for wool and coming home shorn; the biter bit; the mummy hunter himself becomes a mummy

äčƒçˆ¶
だいご
Noun
Freq #285925
1

father

äčƒć…Źć‡șでずんば
だいこういでずんば
Expression
Freq #289342
1

Expression of confidence from someone going out into the world

what will happen to everyone else if I am not the one who goes?

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