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Frequency: 35
JLPT N4
Grade 1

Meanings

above
up

Readings

On — Chinese-derived reading, usually for compounds
ジョウ
ショウ
シャン
Kun — Native Japanese reading, usually for standalone words
うえ
-うえ
うわ-
かみ
あ.げる
-あ.げる
あ.がる
-あ.がる
あ.がり
-あ.がり
のぼ.る
のぼ.り
のぼ.せる
のぼ.す
たてまつ.る
Nanori — Specialized readings used in names
あおい
あげ
かき
かず
かん
こう
のぼり
ほつ

Common Words

Freq #142
1

Common noun; Nouns which may take the genitive case particle 'no'

above; over; up

Examples
飛行機は山のを飛んだ。
The plane flew over the mountain.
2

Common noun

top; summit; upper part; head (e.g. of a staircase)

Examples
本棚のに手が届きますか。
Can you reach to the top of the bookshelf?
3

Common noun

surface; on (top of)

Examples
机のに本があります。
There is a book on the desk.
4

Common noun; Nouns which may take the genitive case particle 'no'

the above (in a piece of writing); earlier part

5

Nouns which may take the genitive case particle 'no'; Common noun

superior; better; higher (position, rank, etc.); upper (class)

Examples
彼のスキーの腕は私よりはるかにだ。
He is far above me in skiing.
6

Nouns which may take the genitive case particle 'no'; Common noun

elder; older; senior

Examples
彼は私の兄よりも年がに見えます。
He looks older than my brother.
7

Common noun; As ...上で(は) or ...上の

with respect to ...; in terms of; as far as ... is concerned; when (e.g. drunk)

Examples
彼は仕事のでは私の先輩だ。
He has more experience on the job than I.
8

Common noun; As ...上(に)

besides ...; in addition to ...; on top of ...; as well as ...

Examples
寒かったうえに、風も強かった。
It was cold, and, in addition, it was windy.
9

Common noun; As ...上(で)

after ...; upon ...; on ...; with (e.g. full awareness); as a result of ...

Examples
彼らは合意ので敏速な行動をとった。
They acted immediately by agreement.
10

Common noun; As ...上は

since ...; now that ...; because ...

11

Honorific; Suffix; After a person of higher status

honorable; venerable; dear

12

Archaic; Common noun

emperor; sovereign; shogun; daimyo

げる
Ichidan verb
Freq #191
1

Transitive verb

to raise; to elevate

Examples
質問があれば右手を挙げて下さい。
If you have a question, please raise your right hand.
2

Transitive verb

to move something (to a higher place); to put onto (e.g. a shelf)

3

Transitive verb; Occ. 騰げる in ref. to price

to increase (price, quality, status, etc.); to raise (a wage)

Examples
その店は値段を全部上げた
The store raised all the prices.
4

Transitive verb

to show someone (into a room); to let in (e.g. a guest)

5

Polite; Word usually written using kana alone; Transitive verb

to give

Examples
あなたは時には妹さんにおこづかいをあげますか。
Do you sometimes give your sister money?
6

Transitive verb

to enrol (one's child in school); to enroll; to send (one's child; e.g. to college)

7

Transitive verb

to develop (talent, skill, etc.); to improve

8

Transitive verb

to earn (something desirable); to achieve (e.g. a good result); to obtain

Examples
彼は立派な成績を上げた
He got wonderful results.
9

Transitive verb

to promote (someone)

10

Transitive verb

to complete; to finish

11

Transitive verb

to make (a loud sound); to raise (one's voice)

Examples
彼は悲鳴をあげて逃げて行った。
He cried out and ran away.
12

Transitive verb

to raise (one's gaze); to lift up (one's face); to look up

13

Transitive verb

to do up (one's hair)

Examples
髪も上げたほうが私は好きだ。
I also prefer it with the hair worn up.
14

Transitive verb

to offer up (incense, a prayer, etc.) to the gods (or Buddha, etc.)

15

Transitive verb

to praise; to commend; to flatter

16

Transitive verb

to make do (with less expenses than expected); to cover expenses (with a given amount); to set costs

17

Transitive verb

to finish (one's studies); to complete (a lesson); to pass (e.g. a class)

18

Transitive verb

to upload (e.g. an image); to publish (on the internet); to post

19

Colloquial; Transitive verb; Esp. as アゲる

to raise someone's spirits; to cheer someone up; to enhance a mood

20

Intransitive verb

(of the tide) to come in; to rise

21

Intransitive verb; Finance

to increase (of market price); to rise (of stock prices)

22

Intransitive verb; Transitive verb

to vomit; to throw up

23

Word usually written using kana alone; Polite; Auxiliary verb; After the -te form of a verb

to do for (the sake of someone else)

Examples
解き方を教えてあげるよ。
I will show you how to solve it.
24

Suffix; After the -masu stem of a verb

to complete ...

25

Humble; Suffix; After the -masu stem of a humble verb to increase the level of humility

to humbly do ...

じょう
已上
Freq #250
1

Noun, used as a suffix

not less than ...; ... and over; ... and above; ... and upwards; ... or more

Examples
6歳以上の子供は学校に通わなければならない。
Children of six and above should attend school.
2

Noun, used as a suffix

beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; more than; further than

Examples
これ以上の値引きは、私どもを赤字に追いやるでしょう。
A further reduction would make us go into the red.
必要以上にお金を使わないようにしなさい。
Try not to spend more money than is necessary.
3

Nouns which may take the genitive case particle 'no'; Common noun

the above; the above-mentioned; the aforementioned; the foregoing

Examples
以上のように、実にシンプルな誰でも出来るノウハウで十分な利益と顧客は確保できるのです!
As shown above, it is possible to obtain ample profit and customers with truly simple know-how that anyone can do!
4

Common noun; Conjunction; After a verb

since ...; seeing that ...; now that ...; once ...

Examples
公僕も人間であること、また、人間である以上過ちを犯す可能性があることを、彼は認識している。
He realizes that public officials are human, and that as human beings they are capable of misjudgement.
5

Expressions

that's all; that is the end; the end

Examples
以上ですか?
Is that all?
がる
上る
騰がる
Freq #628
1

Godan verb; Intransitive verb

to rise; to go up; to come up; to ascend; to be raised

Examples
3月1日から鉄道運賃が1割あがると発表された。
It has been announced that railway fares will be raised by 10 percent starting on the first of March.
2

Godan verb; Intransitive verb

to enter (esp. from outdoors); to come in; to go in

3

Godan verb; Intransitive verb

to enter (a school); to advance to the next grade

4

Godan verb; Intransitive verb

to get out (of water); to come ashore; to be washed ashore

Examples
軽くひと泳ぎした僕は、水から上がってプールサイドに腰を下ろす。
After a light swim, I came up from the water and sat down on the poolside.
5

Godan verb; Intransitive verb

to float atop the water; to surface from the sea (e.g. of a corpse); to rise to the surface

Examples
来月タクシー料金があがります
Taxi fares will go up next month.
6

Godan verb; Intransitive verb; Occ. as 騰る in ref. to money

to increase; to be raised (e.g. of a salary); to rise

7

Godan verb; Intransitive verb

to improve; to make progress

8

Godan verb; Intransitive verb

to be promoted; to advance

Examples
ここからあがる所得は無税である。
The income from this source is tax-free.
9

Godan verb; Intransitive verb

to be made (of profit, etc.)

10

Godan verb; Intransitive verb

to occur (esp. of a favourable result)

11

Godan verb; Intransitive verb; Often as 〜で上がる

to be adequate (to cover expenses, etc.)

Examples
「要さんって、何時にあがれます?」「終わりまでだから八時までかかるわ」
"Kaname, when can you leave?" "It's till closing so it takes till eight."
12

Godan verb; Intransitive verb

to be finished; to be done; to be over

Examples
「雨がすぐあがるでしょうか」「あがらないと思うよ」
"Will it stop raining soon?" "I'm afraid not."
13

Godan verb; Intransitive verb

to stop (of rain); to clear up (of weather)

Examples
翌日、またバッテリーが上がってる
The next day the battery was flat again.
14

Godan verb; Intransitive verb

to stop (working properly); to cut out; to give out; to die

15

Godan verb; Intransitive verb

to win (in a card game, etc.)

16

Godan verb; Intransitive verb

to be spoken loudly; to be raised loudly (of a voice)

17

Colloquial; Godan verb; Intransitive verb; Esp. アガる

to get nervous; to get stage fright

Examples
恵一、天ぷら揚がったから、皿持って来い。
Keiichi, the tempura's done, so bring a plate.
18

Godan verb; Intransitive verb

to be offered (to the gods, etc.)

Examples
政府が今国会への改正案提出の見送り方針を固めたことを歓迎する一方、小泉首相が提出断念を明言していない点を警戒する声も上がった
While welcoming the firming up of the present government policy to abandon the proposal of the reform bill to the Diet, at the same time some are worried that Prime Minister Koizumi won't clearly state the bill's withdrawal.
19

Humble; Godan verb; Intransitive verb

to go; to visit

Examples
私は演説をすると決まってあがる
I never make a speech without being nervous.
20

Honorific; Godan verb; Transitive verb

to eat; to drink

21

Godan verb; Intransitive verb

to serve (in one's master's home)

Examples
明日それをいただきに上がります
I will call for it tomorrow.
22

Godan verb; Intransitive verb

to enter a red light district; to amuse oneself in a red light district; to visit a brothel

23

Godan verb; Intransitive verb

to arise vigorously (e.g. of voices in excitement); to become excited; to be in uproar (e.g. of a crowd)

24

Suffix; Godan verb; After the -masu stem of a verb

to be complete; to finish

25

Suffix; Godan verb; After the -masu stem of a verb

adds the connotation of an action happening strongly or violently

26

Expressions; As ~上ル; in the kyoto address system

above; north of

上手い
美味い
旨い
巧い
甘い
美い
~い Adj.
Usually kana
Freq #740
1

Esp. 上手い, 巧い

skillful; skilful; skilled; good; expert; clever (expression, trick, etc.); apt; appropriate

Examples
彼女はテニスは上手いが、水泳は下手だ。
She's very good at tennis, but she's not much of a swimmer.
2

Esp. 旨い, 美味い, 甘い

delicious; tasty; good; nice

Examples
あそこの食べ物はうまいし値段も安いが、地の利が悪いのが難点だね。
That place's food is great, and their prices are good, but the fly in the ointment is their terrible location.
3

Esp. 旨い

good (deal, idea, etc.); profitable; promising; lucky; fortunate; successful; satisfactory; splendid

Examples
それはあまりにもうますぎる話だ。
That's too good a story to be true.
これいじょう
Expression
Freq #752
1

Usu. with neg. sentence

any more; anymore; any further; any better; any longer

ょう
Freq #901
1

Suffix

from the standpoint of; from the viewpoint of; with respect to; in terms of; as a matter of; in view of; so far as ... is concerned

Examples
彼は経済の理由で計画を断念した。
He gave up the plan for economic reasons.
2

Suffix

on; above; on top of; aboard (a ship or vehicle)

Examples
地図の青い線は川に相当する。
The blue lines on the map correspond to rivers.
3

Common noun; Nouns which may take the genitive case particle 'no'

the best; top; first class; first grade

4

Common noun

first volume (of a two or three-volume set); first book

5

Expressions; Written on a gift's wrapping paper

with my compliments

それいじょう
Expression
Freq #1057
1

further; above (that); greater (than that); any more

Examples
それ以上の侮辱には我慢できなかった。
I couldn't bear any more insults.
ちあがる
Godan verb
Intransitive
Freq #1326
1

to stand up; to get up; to rise (to one's feet)

Examples
突然若い女性が立ち上がった
Suddenly, a young woman stood up.
2

to recover; to regain one's energy; to rise

3

to (stand up and) take action; to rise up (against); to start (doing)

Examples
多くの消費者は消費税反対に立ち上がった
Many consumers rose up against the consumption tax.
4

Sumo

to rise (from a crouch) and make the initial charge

5

Computing

to start up; to boot up

Examples
どうしよう、コンピューターが立ち上がらない
I can't start up my computer. What am I supposed to do?
6

to be established; to be set up; to be formed; to be created

7

to rise (of steam, smoke, etc.)

見あげる
あげる
Transitive
Ichidan verb
Freq #1375
1

to look up at; to raise one's eyes

Examples
見上げると彼が入って来た。
Looking up, I saw him come in.
2

to look up to; to admire; to respect

Memory Mnemonics

Keywords

The core concepts or meanings associated with this specific kanji.

above

Constituents

The visual building blocks used to craft this character's story.

augury
divining rod
magic wand
floor
one

Mnemonic Stories

A magic wand hovering above the floor, drawn to something magical in the ceiling.

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