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寒
1
Idiomatic expression
to make a person's blood run cold
Examples
無気味な静けさが彼らの心胆を寒からしめた。
The eerie silence struck terror into their hearts.
1
severe cold; intense cold; bitter cold
Examples
救援機は強風と酷寒に対処しなければならなかった。
The rescue flight had to reckon with strong winds and freezing temperatures.
1
Medicine
acute febrile illness (e.g. typhoid)
2
Rare term
disease due to the cold (in traditional Chinese medicine)
1
(time of) extreme cold
2
"major cold" solar term (approx. January 20, roughly the coldest time of the year)
Examples
大寒：１年で最も寒さが厳しくなる日ですが、春がもうすぐ間近に迫っているとも言えます。
Major Cold: It's the day of the year that the cold is most severe, but you could also say that Spring is just coming around the corner.
1
Formal or literary term; 'taru' adjective
destitution; misery; meagerness
1
alternation of three cold and four warm days (usu. in late winter and early spring)