一

general education

disparity between values of votes in different constituencies; measure of malapportionment of electorates

Organization name

Hitotsubashi University

Baseball

putting one's heart and soul into each pitch

awareness comes only through practice

Work of art, literature, music, etc. name

Ichinen Yūhan (book by Nakae Chōmin)

identity philosophy

Military

chief petty officer (IJN); petty officer first class (US Navy)

WWII political slogan often seen as implying Japanese world domination

universal brotherhood; all eight corners of the world under one roof

pickle on a stick (usually a cucumber)

centralized management; integrated management; central control

unity of church and state

the mistake of a wise man

Military

colonel (JGSDF)

ne bis in idem; prohibition against double jeopardy

Work of art, literature, music, etc. name

Around the World in Eighty Days (1873 novel by Jules Verne)

pure and unadulterated; pure in heart; simplehearted

(when) the time of need arises; should an emergency occur

Proverb

there is only the thickness of the boat's planking between one and perdition; on a boat, one is only an inch or two from a watery grave

Yojijukugo

vagrant

transient lifestyle

(baggage) checking; temporary depositing

Mathematics

linear equation

Idiomatic expression

first and foremost; most important thing to do first; top priority; plot 1, block 1

primary source