一

everyday life

head of a family

complete change of mood; thoroughly refreshing one's spirits

contest decided by a single round (bout); contest decided by a single roll of dice; one-shot game (contest); make-or-break game

the first in history; only once in history

one-plate meal; simple meal; austerity diet

all the domestic (housekeeping) chores

(doing) karaoke by oneself

congratulatory visit to the Imperial Palace (for New Year and the Emperor's birthday)

shouting in a thunderous voice; blustering out

style of classical Japanese swordsmanship involving use of two swords

Physics

general theory of relativity

first torii gate of a shrine

Jocular, humorous term

photo in which its subject looks much more attractive than their usual self

primary industry

(wearing) a loincloth alone; nothing but a loincloth

leading player; prima donna; box-office star

best item one has (to show); one's sole Sunday best; one's single area of expertise

Proverb

tread on a worm and it will turn; even a tiny bug will defend itself; even the weakest and smallest beings have their own wills, so do not make light of them

inconsistency between one's words and actions; insincerity; saying one thing and doing another

to settle (a matter) for the time being; to complete the first stage (of something)

being the only loser; losing by oneself

loving every human being with impartiality; universal brotherhood; universal benevolence

whole party to a plot; whole gang; fellow conspirators

referendum; popular vote; plebiscite